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Inorganic Chemistry > Period 3 and its Oxides > Flashcards

Period 3 and its Oxides Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of structure is Na, Mg and Al?

A

Giant Metallic

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2
Q

What type of structure is Si?

A

Giant Covalent

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3
Q

What type of structure is P4, S8 and Cl2?

A

Simple atomic

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4
Q

What type of bonding in Na, Mg and Al?

A

Metallic

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5
Q

What type of bonding in Si?

A

Covalent

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6
Q

What type of bonding within P4, S8 and Cl2?

A

Covalent within molecule

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7
Q

What type of forces in Na, Mg and Al?

A

Metallic Bonds - force between positive metal ions ans delocalised electrons

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8
Q

What type of forces in Si?

A

Covalent bonds

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9
Q

What type of forces in P4, S8 and Cl2.

A

Van Der Waals forces BETWEEN molecules

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10
Q

What type of forces in Ar

A

Van Der Waals between atoms.

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11
Q

What is the trend in atomic radius across period 3?

A

Trend: Decreases

Explanation:

  • Shielding is similar
  • Nuclear charge increases as there are more protons in the nucleus
  • Attraction between nucleus and outer electrons increases
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12
Q

What is the trend in First Ionisation Energy across period 3?

A

Trend: Increases

Explanation:

  • More protons in the nucleus
  • Electrons are added to the same shell so shielding is similar
  • Attraction between nucleus and outer electrons increases
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13
Q

What are the exceptions of the trend in First Ionisation Energy across period 3?

A

Aluminium and Sulfur

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14
Q

What is the trend in electronegitivity across period 3?

A

Increases

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15
Q

What is observed when you react sodium with water? What is the equation?

A
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16
Q

What are the observations when you react magnesium with cold water? What is the equation?

A
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17
Q

What are the observations when you react magnesium with steam? What is the equation?

A
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18
Q

What are the observations when you react aluminium with water?

A
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19
Q

What are the observations when you react silicon with water?

A

Does not react

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20
Q

What are the observations when you react phosphorus with water?

A

Doesnt react

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21
Q

What are the observations when you react sulfur with water?

A

Doesnt react

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22
Q

What are the observations when you react chlorine with water? What is the equation?

A
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23
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction between chlorine and water?

A
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24
Q

What is observed when you react argon with water?

A

Doesnt react

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25
Generally, how to period 3 elements react with oxygen? What are the exceptions?
Exothermically to form oxides. Exceptions: Chlorine and Argon
26
What are the observations and equation for the reaction between sodium and oxygen?
27
What are the observations and equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?
28
What are the observations and equation for the reaction between aluminium and oxygen?
29
What are the observations and equation for the reaction between silicon and oxygen?
30
What type of compounds are metal oxides?
Basic compounds
31
What are the observations and equation for the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?
32
What are the observations and equation for the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?
33
What type of compounds are non-metal oxides?
Acidic
34
What is the formula for Sulfur (IV) oxide?
SO2
35
What is formed when Sulfur(IV) oxide (SO2) reacts with oxygen?
Sulfur(VI) oxide, SO3
36
Why do the metal oxides have high melting points?
- They are ionic - This is due to the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions - This attraction is hard to break
37
What is the type of bonding in Na2O? What is its structure?
Ionic, Giant Ionic
38
What is the type of bonding in MgO? What is its structure?
Ionic, Giant Ionic
39
What is the type of bonding in Al2O3? What is its structure?
Ionic, Giant Ionic
40
What is the type of bonding in SiO2? What is its structure?
Covalent, Giant Covalent
41
What is the type of bonding in P4O10? What is its structure?
Covalent, Simple molecular
42
What is the type of bonding in SO3? What is its structure?
Covalent, Simple Covalent
43
Why does SiO2 have a higher melting point than P4O10?
- SiO2 is macromolecular and P4O10 is simple molecular - The strong covalent bonds in SiO2 require more energy to break than the weak Van Der Waals forces between P4O10 molecules.
44
Why does P4O10 have a higher melting point than SO3 (or SO2)?
- P4O10 is a bigger molecule with more electrons than SO2 - So, P4O10 will have stronger Van Der Waals forces between the molecules require more energy to break
45
What is the equation, and the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction between Na2O and water?
46
What is the equation, and the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction between MgO and water?
47
What is the equation, and the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction between Al2O3 and water?
48
What is the equation, and the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction between SiO2 and water?
Insoluble in water
49
What is the equation, and the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction between P4O10 and water?
50
What is the equation, and the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction between SO2 and water?
51
What is the equation, and the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction between SO3 and water?
52
Base + Acid -\> ?
Salt + water
53
What is the equation for the reaction between sodium oxide and sulfuric acid?
54
What is the equation for the reaction between magnesium oxide and sulfuric acid?
55
Covalent oxides + aqueous alkalis -\> ?
Salt + water
56
What is the equation for the reaction between silicon oxide and sodium hydroxide?
57
What is the equation for the reaction between phosphorus(V) oxide and sodium hydroxide?
58
What is the equation for the reaction between sulfur(IV) oxide and sodium hydroxide?
59
What is the equation for the reaction between sulfur(VI) oxide and sodium hydroxide?
60
Why is aluminium oxide special?
It is amphoteric ( both an acid and a base)
61
What is the equation for the reaction between aluminium oxide and HCl?
62
What is the equation for the reaction between aluminium oxide and HNO3?
63
What is the equation for the reaction between aluminium oxide and sodium hydroxide?
64
What do aluminium salts form when dissolved in water?
Acidic solutions
65
Why do aluminium salts from acidic solutions when dissolved in water?
- The ionic lattice breaks down - Al(3+) ions become surrounded by water forming a hexaaqua ion - The Al(3+) ion is surrounded by six water molecules - Each water molecule is bonded by a co-ordinate bond
66
What change does the charge on the Al(3+) ion cause to the electron density of the water molecule?
- Causes the electron density in the water molecule to move closer to the metal ion - The water molecule is polarised
67
How do the bonds break in water in the hexaaqua ion formed with Al(3+)?
68
What is the equation/mechanism for the addition of hydroxide ions to a solution of the hexaaqua aluminium ion (hydrolysis)
69
What is the formula for the hexaaqua aluminium ion?
70
What is the overall (final) equation for the addition of OH- ions to the hexaaqua aliminium solution?
71
What is the formula for aluminium hydroxide?
72
What is the equation for the reaction between aluminium hydorxide and an acid (H+)
73
What is the equation for the reaction between aluminium hydorxide and a base (OH-)
74
What do you observe in the reaction bewenn aluminium hydroxide and an acid?
The white ppt dissolves to form a colourless solution
75
What do you observe in the reaction bewenn aluminium hydroxide and a base?
The white ppt dissolves to form a colourless solution

Inorganic Chemistry (7 decks)

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