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Chem A LEVEL AQA > Period 3 elements and their oxides > Flashcards

Period 3 elements and their oxides Flashcards

1
Q

Describe and explain which is more reactive sodium or magnesium

A

Na
Because it requires less energy to remove one electron to form Na+ ion than to remove 2 electrons and form Mg2+ ion

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2
Q

Describe and write an equation for the reaction of sodium with water

A

2Na(s)+2H2O(l)> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

Vigorously reacts with cold water

Forms a ball and fizzing

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3
Q

write an equation for the reaction of Mg with cold water/ then steam

A

Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) > Mg(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)

Mg(s) + H2O(g) > MgO + H2

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4
Q

Formula of Sodium Oxide

A

Na2O

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5
Q

Formula of Magnesium Oxide

A

MgO

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6
Q

Formula of Aluminium oxide

A

Al2O3

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7
Q

Formula of oxide of silicon

A

SiO2

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8
Q

Formula of phosphorus in its natural state

A

P4

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9
Q

Formula of phosphorous oxide

A

P4O10

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10
Q

Most readily made oxide of sulfur

A

SO2

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11
Q

Describe the reations of all the period 3 elements with air

A

Na - very fast
Mg - very fast
Al - slow (fast if powdered)
Si - slow
P - spontaneously combusts
S - steadily burns

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12
Q

Describe and explain the trend in boiling points of all the metal period 3 element oxides

A

Na2O, MgO and Al2O3 all have high boiling points due to their giant ionic lattice structure
MgO has a higher bp than Na2O because the electrostatic force of attraction is stronger because of Mg2+ ions instead of Na+ ions
Al2O3 has a lower bp than MgO because Al3+ ions distort electron cloud giving compound some covalent character

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13
Q

Describe and explain the trend in boiling points of all the non-metal period 3 element oxides

A

SiO2 has lower Bp than Al2O3 but is still relatively high (higher than all the non-metal oxides) due to macromolecular structure - requiring lots of energy to overcome the many covalent bonds

P4O10 and SO2/3 are both simple molecular structures so both have lower bps.

P4O10 has higher bp than SiO2 because of higher Mr which means VdWs are stronger

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14
Q

Which oxides form alkaline solutions in water

A

Na2O and MgO

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15
Q

Reaction of sodium oxide in water and describe effect on pH

A

Na2O + H2O > 2NaOH
Dissolves readily
pH 12-14

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16
Q

Reaction of magneisum oxide in water and describe effect on pH

A

MgO + H2O > Mg(OH)2
Sparingly soluble
Weaker alkaline pH 9-10W

17
Q

Which forms a more alkaline solution in water MgO or Na2O

A

Na2O

18
Q

Reaction of phosphorus oxide in water

A

P4O10 + 6H2O > 4H3PO4

19
Q

Reaction of sulfur dioxide in water

A

SO2+ H2O > H2SO3

20
Q

Sulfur dioxide/ trioxide and phosphorus (v) oxide are both simple molecular structures.
What is the effect on pH when both of them react with water and why

A

pH of 0-2
triprotic H3PO4 releases more H+ than diprotic H2SO3 / H2SO4 when they dissociate
so forms more acidic solution

21
Q

Reaction of sulfur trioxide in water

A

SO3 + H2O > H2SO4

22
Q

Explain if and how silicon dioxide reacts with water

A

SiO2 insoluble in water
Reacts with a base to form a salt so classed as an acid

23
Q

Explain reaction of Al2O3 with water

A

Amphoteric due to covalent and ionic character
Reacts with both acids and bases to form salts

24
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of magnesium oxide with hydrochloric accid

A

MgO + 2HCl > MgCl2 + H2O

25
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between sodium oxide and sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4 + Na2O > Na2SO4 + H2O

26
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between SiO2 with a base such as Potassium Hydroxide

A

SiO2 + 2KOH > K2SiO3 + H2O

27
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between PHOSPHORUS OXIDE with a base such as Potassium Hydroxide

A

P4O10 + 12KOH > 4K3PO4 + 6H2O

28
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between SULFUR DIOXIDE with a base such as Potassium Hydroxide

A

SO2 + KOH > K2SO3 +H2O

29
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between SULFUR TRIOXIDE with a base such as Potassium Hydroxide

A

SO3 + KOH > K2SO4 + H2O

30
Q

Name the basic oxides

A

Magnsium and Sodium oxide

31
Q

Name the acidic oxides

A

SiO2
SO2
SO3
P4O10

32
Q

Name the amphoteric oxide

A

Al2O3

33
Q

Reaction of Al2O3 with acid H2SO4

A

3H2SO4 + Al2O3 > Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O

34
Q

Reaction with Al2O3 with base NaOH

A

Al2O3 + NaOH > 3H2O + 2NaAl(OH)4

35
Q
A
36
Q

What is formed when Al2O3 reacts with a base

A

Al(OH)4- which reacts with metal ion

37
Q

SiO2 + 2OH forms what

A

SiO3 2- ions

Chem A LEVEL AQA (18 decks)

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