Period 6 1865-1898

Question 1

J.P Morgan

Answer 1

Very successful banker

-bought US Steele (first $billion company)

Question 2

John D Rockefeller

Answer 2

Standard oil

• 90-95% of the oil refineries in the us
• reduced prices to make competitors bankrupt

Question 3

Andrew carnegie

Answer 3

Steel

• Bessemer steel production (cheaper)
• worked and supplied rail roads

Question 4

Vanderbilt

Answer 4

Rail road Barron
NYC to Chicago rout
Vertical integration

Question 5

Horizontal integration

Answer 5

Smaller companies combine to form a larger one

Question 6

Vertical integration

Answer 6

Company controls all phases of manufacturing (mining to market)
-easy and cheaper to get supplies

Question 7

Robber baron

Answer 7

Business leaders who use politics to get $ and benefits

• pay official
• support officials in exchange for new laws

Question 8

Sherman-anti-trust act 1890

Answer 8

Tried to break up monopolies

-not originally enforced

Question 9

Gilded age

Answer 9

Term by mark twain

-looks good but underneath its not

Question 10

Panic of 1893

Answer 10

Railroads expanded to fast

• lines to nowhere
• banks failed

Question 11

Knights of labor 1869

Answer 11

Organized unions

• labor bureau created
• led HAYMARKET STRIKE

Question 12

Great railroad strike 1877

Answer 12

Shut down 2/3 of us railroads

• 500,000 protesters
• put down by federal government

Question 13

HAYMARKET square 1886

Answer 13

Wanted 8hr workday

• bomb went off –done
• 100,000 workers

Question 14

Homestead strike 1892

Answer 14

Steel factory

• against wage reductions
• violent
• put down by Pinkerton and militia

Question 15

Pullman strike 1894

Answer 15

Put down by Cleveland because the blocked us mail shipments

Question 16

American Federation of Labor (AFL) 1886

Answer 16

Sam Gompers

• skilled crafts worker union
• better pay, less hours, better conditions

Question 17

Samuel Gompers

Answer 17

Leader of the American federation of labor

-skilled workers union

Question 18

Mother jones

Answer 18

• wanted to help works and be their voice
• supported rr strikes
• helped advocate for coal miners

Question 19

The new south

Answer 19

Industrial growth
New transportation
-capitalist
-self-sufficient

Question 20

Crop-lien systems (Sharecropping, tenant farming)

Answer 20

Loan $ to new farmers (free blacks)

• give a share of the crops in return and to purchase stuff
• went they can’t pay, they work whites farms (slave)

Question 21

Grange 1867

Answer 21

Farmers movement against the high TRANSPORTATION and STORAGE cost that the railroads charged

Question 22

Granger laws

Answer 22

Regulated railroad rates and storage costs (kinda)

Question 23

Farmers alliance

Answer 23

• got federal rr regulations

- started POPULIST PARTY

Question 24

People’s (POPULIST) party 1891

Answer 24

Designed to appeal to all workers

• supported large government role
• more direct democracy

Question 25

Omaha platform 1892

Answer 25

Populist platform

• free silver coinage
• income taxes
• Rr regulations

Question 26

Gold standard

Answer 26

By McKinley

• all paper $ backed by us bank
• gold reserves

Question 27

Free silver

Answer 27

Movement to us silver to back $

-not accepted because other countries used silver

Question 28

William Jennings Bryan 1896

Answer 28

3 times presidential candidate

-populist party candidate

Question 29

Old immigrants vs new

Answer 29

Old- northern European
Highly skilled
English speaking

New- southern/eastern Europe
Close-knit community
Uneducated, poor, unskilled

Question 30

Railroad subsidies

Answer 30

Us gave railroads land surrounding them

- railroads could sell land for profit

Question 31

Morrill land grant acts 1862 + 1890

Answer 31

Sale of public land given to the state

• establish school
• agricultural colleges

Question 32

Frederick Jackson Turner

Answer 32

Humanity can only progress if there is land to move into.

Question 33

Social Darwinism

Answer 33

1850s
Survival of the fittest
-work for your own $
-natural selection