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z-chemistry > periodic table > Flashcards

periodic table Flashcards

1
Q

is hydrogen considered metal or non-metal element

A

non-metal

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2
Q

is the ‘group’ horizontal or vertical

A

vertical

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3
Q

is the ‘period’ horizontal or vertical

A

horizontal

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4
Q

how to write the chemical symbol

A

write the symbol in the middle
mass no. on the top
proton no. on the bottom

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5
Q

what group are noble gases

A

group 8

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6
Q

what is a noble gas

A

fully filled electron = means its stable

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7
Q

name the diatomic molecule

A 
hydrogen
nitrogen
fluorine
chlorine
bromine
iodine
asatatine
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8
Q

explain how fluorine atom form a diatomic molecule

A

a fluorine atom shares one electron with another fluorine atom to form a diatomic molecule

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9
Q

if the element has the same period, it means that…

A

it has the same no. of electron shells

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10
Q

if the element has the same group, it means that…

A

it has the same no. of valence electrons

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11
Q

same group of elements will undergo… and have similar…

A

similar chemical reactions

have similar chemical properties

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12
Q

the elements are arranged in…

A

increasing proton number

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13
Q

what are group 1 elements called

A

alkali metals

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14
Q

what are the physical properties of alkali metal

A

soft and can easily be cut
low boiling and melting point
low density

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15
Q

in alkali metals, as we go down the group… (what are the physical and chemical properties)

A

melting and boiling point decrease
density increase
reactivity increases

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16
Q

in alkali metals, what are the observations in lithium

A

reacts quickly
floats on water
no flame

17
Q

in alkali metals, what are the observations in sodium

A

reacts very quickly
skids on the surface
yellow flame

18
Q

in alkali metals, what are the observations in potassium

A

extremely fast
vigorously with water
catches fire, lilac flame

19
Q

in alkali metals, what are the observations in rubidium

A

violently with water

explodes almost immediately

20
Q

what are group VII elements called

A

halogens

21
Q

what are the physical properties of halogens

A

low melting and boiling points
low density
poor conductors of heat and electricity

22
Q

in halogens, what is the colour and the state of fluorine

A

pale yellow

gas

23
Q

in halogens, what is the colour and the state of chlorine

A

yellowish-green

gas

24
Q

in halogens, what is the colour and the state of bromine

A

reddish-brown

liquid

25
Q

in halogens, what is the colour and the state of iodine

A

purplish-black

solid

26
Q

in halogens, what is the colour and the state of astatine

A

black solid

27
Q

in halogens, as we go down the group… (what are the physical and chemical properties)

A

melting and boiling point increases
density increases
reactivity decreases
colour gets darker

28
Q

what are group 0 elements called

A

noble gas

29
Q

what are the characteristics of noble gas

A

low melting and boiling points
inert/ nonreactive
monotonic

30
Q

explain why and where should an alkali metals be stored

A

kept in oil for safety to prevent reaction with oxygen and water

31
Q

metal + oxygen –>

A

metal oxide

32
Q

metal + cold water –>

A

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

33
Q

what are the 2 reactions of alkali metal

A

metal + oxygen

metal + cold water

34
Q

in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium chloride and iodine

A

there is no reaction

iodine is less reactive than bromine hence it cannot displace bromine from potassium bromide solution

35
Q

in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium bromide and chlorine

A

the colourless solution (potassium bromide) turns reddish brown (aqueous bromide)
this is because chlorine is more reactive than bromine hence chlorine displaces bromine from potassium bromide solution

36
Q

what is the chemical equation of chlorine displacing bromine from potassium bromide solution

A

2KBr + Cl2 –> 2KCl + Br2

37
Q

in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium bromide and iodine

A

there is no reaction

iodine is less reactive than bromine hence it cannot displace bromine from potassium bromide solution

38
Q

in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium iodide and chlorine

A

the colourless solution (potassium iodide) turns brown (iodine)
this is because chlorine is more reactive than iodine hence chlorine displaces iodine from potassium iodide solution

39
Q

what is the chemical equation of chlorine displacing bromine from potassium iodide solution

A

2Kl + Cl2 –> 2KCl + l2

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