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chemistry > periodic table > Flashcards

periodic table Flashcards

1
Q

definition of an element

A

a substance made up of 1 type of atom

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2
Q

who developed the modern periodic table

A

mendeleev

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3
Q

state the features of mendeleev’s periodic table which are different to the modern periodic table

A
  1. elements arranged in order of atomic mass
  2. no noble gases
  3. fewer elements (had gaps)
  4. no transition metals
  5. no actinides or lanthanides
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4
Q

name given to the vertical columes

A

groups

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5
Q

name given to the horizontal rows

A

periods

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6
Q

name given to group 1

A

alkali metals

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7
Q

name given to group 2

A

alkaline earth metals

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8
Q

name given to group 7

A

halogens

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9
Q

name given to group 0

A

noble gases

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10
Q

name a semi-metal

A

gernanium, silicon

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11
Q

state the properties of metals

A
  1. good conductor of electricity
  2. good conductors of heat
  3. shiny
  4. malleable
  5. ductile
  6. sonorous
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12
Q

state the properties of non-metals

A
  1. poor conductor of electricity
  2. poor conductors of heat
  3. dull
  4. brittle
  5. not ductile
  6. not sonorous
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13
Q

definition of sonorous

A

makes a ringing sound when hit

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14
Q

which 2 elements are liquids at room temp

A

mercury, bromine

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15
Q

what does group number equal

A

number of electrons in the outer shell

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16
Q

why do elements in the same groups have similar properties

A

they have the same number of electrons in the outer shell

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17
Q

how are group 1 metals stored

A

in oil

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18
Q

what colour are all group 1 componds when solid

A

white

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19
Q

what colour are group 1 compounds when in solution

A

colourless

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20
Q

what does tarnish mean

A

shiny to dull

21
Q

how does the reactivity of metals change down a group

A

increases

22
Q

why does the reactivity of metals increase down the group

A

outer elctron gets further from the nucleus and is less attracted to it

23
Q

what type of solution is produced when an alkali metal reacts with water

A

alkaline

24
Q

state the typical observations when an alkali metal reacts with water

A
  • fizzes
  • floats
  • moves across the surface
  • disappears
  • heat is released
25
Q

what products are formed when an alkali metal reacts with water

A

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

26
Q

write a half equation to represent a sodium atom becoming an ion

A

Na -> Na+ +e-

27
Q

how does the rate of reactivity of group 7 change down the group

A

decreases

28
Q

why does the reactivity of group 7 dcrease down the group

A

outer shell gets further from the nucleus and the incoming electron is less attracted to it

29
Q

half equation to represent a chlorine atom becoming an ion

A

Cl + e- -> cl-

30
Q

half equation to represent a chlorine molecule becoming an ions

A

Cl2 +2e- -> 2cl-

31
Q

what is it meant by diatomic

A

2 atoms covalently bonded in a molecule

32
Q

describe the appearance of fluorine

A

yellow gas

33
Q

describe the appearance of chlorine

A

green gas

34
Q

describe the appearance of bromine

A

red-brown liquid

35
Q

describe the appearance of iodine

A

grey-black solid

36
Q

iodine sublimes. what does this mean

A

changes from a solid to a gas

37
Q

describe the test for chlorine gas

A

damp universal indicator changes to red and then bleaches white

38
Q

why does the following equation occur?
chlorine + sodium bromide -> sodium chloride + bromine

A

chlorine is more reactive than bromine

39
Q

what observations occur in the following reaction?
chlorine + sodium bromide -> sodium chloride + bromine

A

solution changes from colourless to orange

40
Q

what observations occur in the following reaction?
chlorine + sodium iodide -> sodium chloride + iodine

A

solution changes from colourless to brown

41
Q

why are noble gases unreactive

A

they have a full outer shell of electrons which makes them stable

42
Q

describe the apperance of noble gases

A

colourless gases

43
Q

how does the boiling points of the noble gases change down the group

A

increases

44
Q

what colour is copper (II) oxide

A

black

45
Q

what colour is copper (II) carbonate

A

green

46
Q

what colour is copper (II) sulfate

A

blue

47
Q

what colour is copper (II) salts in solution (usually)

A

blue

48
Q

state some differences between group 1 metals and transition metals

A
  1. group 1-low m.p, tm-high m.p
  2. group 1-very reactive with water, tm- low reactivity with watrer
  3. group 1- form 1+ ions, tm form ions with different charges
  4. group 1 compounds are white, tm compounds are coloured

q

chemistry (9 decks)

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