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chemistry > periodic table > Flashcards

periodic table Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

definition of an element

A

a substance made up of 1 type of atom

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2
Q

who developed the modern periodic table

A

mendeleev

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3
Q

state the features of mendeleev’s periodic table which are different to the modern periodic table

A
  1. elements arranged in order of atomic mass
  2. no noble gases
  3. fewer elements (had gaps)
  4. no transition metals
  5. no actinides or lanthanides
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4
Q

name given to the vertical columes

A

groups

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5
Q

name given to the horizontal rows

A

periods

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6
Q

name given to group 1

A

alkali metals

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7
Q

name given to group 2

A

alkaline earth metals

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8
Q

name given to group 7

A

halogens

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9
Q

name given to group 0

A

noble gases

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10
Q

name a semi-metal

A

gernanium, silicon

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11
Q

state the properties of metals

A
  1. good conductor of electricity
  2. good conductors of heat
  3. shiny
  4. malleable
  5. ductile
  6. sonorous
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12
Q

state the properties of non-metals

A
  1. poor conductor of electricity
  2. poor conductors of heat
  3. dull
  4. brittle
  5. not ductile
  6. not sonorous
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13
Q

definition of sonorous

A

makes a ringing sound when hit

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14
Q

which 2 elements are liquids at room temp

A

mercury, bromine

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15
Q

what does group number equal

A

number of electrons in the outer shell

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16
Q

why do elements in the same groups have similar properties

A

they have the same number of electrons in the outer shell

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17
Q

how are group 1 metals stored

A

in oil

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18
Q

what colour are all group 1 componds when solid

A

white

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19
Q

what colour are group 1 compounds when in solution

A

colourless

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20
Q

what does tarnish mean

Study These Flashcards
A

shiny to dull

21
Q

how does the reactivity of metals change down a group

22
Q

why does the reactivity of metals increase down the group

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A

outer elctron gets further from the nucleus and is less attracted to it

23
Q

what type of solution is produced when an alkali metal reacts with water

24
Q

state the typical observations when an alkali metal reacts with water

Study These Flashcards
A
  • fizzes
  • floats
  • moves across the surface
  • disappears
  • heat is released
25
what products are formed when an alkali metal reacts with water
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
26
write a half equation to represent a sodium atom becoming an ion
Na -> Na+ +e-
27
how does the rate of reactivity of group 7 change down the group
decreases
28
why does the reactivity of group 7 dcrease down the group
outer shell gets further from the nucleus and the incoming electron is less attracted to it
29
half equation to represent a chlorine atom becoming an ion
Cl + e- -> cl-
30
half equation to represent a chlorine molecule becoming an ions
Cl2 +2e- -> 2cl-
31
what is it meant by diatomic
2 atoms covalently bonded in a molecule
32
describe the appearance of fluorine
yellow gas
33
describe the appearance of chlorine
green gas
34
describe the appearance of bromine
red-brown liquid
35
describe the appearance of iodine
grey-black solid
36
iodine sublimes. what does this mean
changes from a solid to a gas
37
describe the test for chlorine gas
damp universal indicator changes to red and then bleaches white
38
why does the following equation occur? chlorine + sodium bromide -> sodium chloride + bromine
chlorine is more reactive than bromine
39
what observations occur in the following reaction? chlorine + sodium bromide -> sodium chloride + bromine
solution changes from colourless to orange
40
what observations occur in the following reaction? chlorine + sodium iodide -> sodium chloride + iodine
solution changes from colourless to brown
41
why are noble gases unreactive
they have a full outer shell of electrons which makes them stable
42
describe the apperance of noble gases
colourless gases
43
how does the boiling points of the noble gases change down the group
increases
44
what colour is copper (II) oxide
black
45
what colour is copper (II) carbonate
green
46
what colour is copper (II) sulfate
blue
47
what colour is copper (II) salts in solution (usually)
blue
48
state some differences between group 1 metals and transition metals
1. group 1-low m.p, tm-high m.p 2. group 1-very reactive with water, tm- low reactivity with watrer 3. group 1- form 1+ ions, tm form ions with different charges 4. group 1 compounds are white, tm compounds are coloured | q

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