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Chemistry 202 (Year 9) > Periodic table > Flashcards

Periodic table Flashcards

1
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that is made up of only one type of atom.
It cannot be split up further.

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2
Q

What particles does an atom contain?

A

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

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3
Q

What is the relative mass, charge and position of a proton

A

Mass: 1
Charge: +1
Position: Nucleus

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4
Q

What is the relative mass, charge and position of a neutron

A

Mass: 1
Charge: 0
Position: Nucleus

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5
Q

What is the relative mass, charge and position of a electron?

A

Mass: 1/1840 (almost nothing)
Charge: -1
Position: Shells orbiting the nucleus

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6
Q

How did John Newlands arrange elements?

A

In order of atomic mass
Noticed properties seemed to repeat every eighth element - law of octaves.

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7
Q

Why were John Newland’s ideas not accepted at the time?

A

The order went wrong after calcium e.g. the very unreactive copper was in the group as the highly reactive lithium, sodium and potassium.

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8
Q

How did Dmitri Mendeleev arrange elements?

A

Put elements in order of increasing atomic mass.
He placed elements with similar chemical properties into veritcal columns called groups.
Left gaps for undiscovered elements.

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9
Q

What was Dmitri Mendeleev able to do with his periodic table?

A

He was able to predict the properties of undiscovered elements.

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10
Q

What are the differences between Mendeleev’s table and the modern periodic table?

A

Modern: arranged according to increasing atomic number (number of protons in an atom
Mendeleev: arranged in increasing atomic mass

Modern: has no gaps
Mendeleev: had gaps for undiscovered elements

Modern: has more groups (columns)
Mendeleev: had fewer groups

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11
Q

What is on the left hand side of the periodic table (staircase)

A

Metals

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12
Q

What is on the right hand side of the periodic table (staircase)

A

Non-metals

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13
Q

What are some of the elements that touch the divide line?

A

semi-metals (they have properties of both metals and non-metals)

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14
Q

What are the vertical columns called in the periodic table?

A

Groups

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15
Q

What are the horizontal rows called in the periodic table?

A

Periods

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16
Q

What types of symbols represent elements

A

Letters
Either 1 capital letter or 1 capital letter and 1 small letter
e.g. H - Hydrogen, He - Helium

17
Q

What other details are on the periodic table?

A

Top left: Relative atomic mass
Bottom left: Atomic number

18
Q

What is group 0?

A

Nobel gases

19
Q

What is group 1?

A

Alkali metals

20
Q

What is group 7?

A

Halogens

21
Q

What is group 2?

A

alkaline earth metals

22
Q

What can you say about elements in the same group?

A

They have similar chemical properties

23
Q

What is a compound made of?

A

Two or more different elements that are chemically combined.

24
Q

How is a formula for a compound made up and what does it show?

A

Symbols and numbers written in subscript.
It shows the elements making up the compound and the number of atoms for each element

25
Q

What is the formula for water and what is it made up of?

A

Hâ‚‚O
2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
3 in total.

26
Q

How are compounds named?

A

The metal part remains the same and the non-metal part changes its ending to IDE
E.g. Sodium and Chlorine made sodium chloride.

27
Q

What types of elements are in the middle block of the periodic table?

A

Transition metals

28
Q

What is the same for all elements in the same group

A

Same number of electrons in the outer shell.

29
Q

What are elements listed on?

A

Periodic table

30
Q

What does inert mean?

A

It means elements that do not normally react with other elements

31
Q

What group hold inert elements

A

Group 0 - Noble gases

32
Q

What is an atom

A

A small particle from which all substances are made.

33
Q

What is similar about the structure of elements in the same group?

A

They have the same number of electrons on the outer shell.

34
Q

What is atomic number?

A

The number of protons in an atom?

35
Q

What does the period number represent?

A

The number of electron shells.

36
Q

What do the group numbers represent?

A

The number of electrons in the outer shell.

Chemistry 202 (Year 9) (4 decks)

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