Periodic Table

Question 1

What is a chemical bond?

Answer 1

When two or more atoms combine, the force that holds atoms together

Question 2

Why do atoms form bonds?

Answer 2

To complete their outer energy level ( outer shell ), to become more stable

Question 3

What are valence electrons

Answer 3

Only electrons on the outer shell, they form chemical bonds

Question 4

How many electrons can each shell hold?

Answer 4

First shell, 2. Second and third shell, 8

Question 5

What is the octet rule?

Answer 5

Atoms tend to combine in ways that give them 8 valence electrons

Question 6

What does octet mean?

Answer 6

A group of 8

Question 7

Why are noble gases stable?

Answer 7

They have full outer energy levels

Question 8

Three main types of bonds?

Answer 8

Ionic, covalent, metallic

Question 9

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 9

One atom donates electron(s) and the other one receives. Formed by attraction of newly formed ions.

Question 10

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 10

Two atoms share electrons, occurs between two non metals

Question 11

What are some noble gases?
(7 total)

Answer 11

Helium (He)
Neon (Ne)
Argon (Ar)
Krypton (Kr)
Xenon (Xe)
Radon (Rn)
Oganesson (Og)

Question 12

What is the periodic table of elements?

Answer 12

The arrangement of elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties

Question 13

What are elements?

Answer 13

Substances that cannot be broken down into any other substance by physical or chemical means.

Question 14

What do elements in the same group have in common?

Answer 14

They share similar properties

Question 15

What do elements in the same period have in common?

Answer 15

They share their highest unexcited electron energy level

Question 16

Who is the father of the period table?

Answer 16

Dimitri Mendeleev

Question 17

What is an atomic number?

Answer 17

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, the little number on the top right

Question 18

What is a chemical symbol?

Answer 18

A 1 or 2 letter representation of an element

Example: He (Helium)

Question 19

How are elements named?

Answer 19

Elements are named by their official discoverer

Question 20

What is an atomic mass?

Answer 20

The average mass of all the isotopes of an element

Question 21

What are groups (or families) on the period table?

Answer 21

Elements in the same vertical column

Question 22

What are periods on the periodic table

Answer 22

Horizontal rows of elements

Question 23

What are the properties of elements in group 11?

Answer 23

Known as noble metals and coinage metals, not likely to go through chemical reactions, ductile and malleable, found in pure elemental form in earths crust

Question 24

What does ductile mean?

Answer 24

Able to be drawn into wires

Question 25

What is matter?

Answer 25

Anything that takes up space, has mass, and volume

Question 26

What is a pure substance?

Answer 26

A substance with a fixed composition and distinct properties

Question 27

What is a compound?

Answer 27

Molecules made from atoms of different elements joined by chemical bonds

Question 28

Examples of compounds

Answer 28

Water, sodium chloride

Question 29

What is a molecule?

Answer 29

Two or more atoms bound together

Question 30

What is a mixture?

Answer 30

Two or more different substances combined in a liquid, not chemically bounded

Question 31

What is a homogenous mixture?

Answer 31

Uniform composition throughout, can be separated into components

Question 32

Example of homogeneous mixture

Answer 32

Saline solution

Question 33

What is a heterogenous mixture?

Answer 33

Non uniform composition, can be separated into its original parts by physical means

Question 34

Example of heterogenous mixture

Answer 34

A mixture of soils and liquid ( like sand and water )

Question 35

What are physical properties

Answer 35

Things about matter you can observe or measure without changing what it is

Question 36

Examples of physical properties (10 total)

Answer 36

Color Texture State/phase Density Melting/boiling point Solubility Luster Oder Hardness conductivity

Question 37

What are physical changes

Answer 37

A change in appearance, but the substance stays the same

Question 38

Examples of physical changes (4 total)

Answer 38

Freezing Melting Cutting Separating/combining (like adding pebbles to sand)

Question 39

What are chemical properties

Answer 39

How a substance reacts with other substances

Question 40

Examples of chemical properties (5 total)

Answer 40

Reactivity Flammability Oxidation Radioactivity Rust/toxicity

Question 41

What are chemical changes

Answer 41

A change when new substances are formed

Question 42

Examples of chemical changes

Answer 42

Cooking

Question 43

What is an acid

Answer 43

Any compound that produces hydrogen ions in water (H+)

Question 44

What is a base

Answer 44

Any compound that produces hydroxide ions in water (OH-)

Question 45

Characteristics of acids (6 total)

Answer 45

Sour Corrosive Reacts with metals Turns litmus paper red Produces hydrogen ions in water Conducts electricity

Question 46

Characteristics of bases (5 total)

Answer 46

Bitter Slippery Turns litmus paper blue Produces hydroxide ions in water Conducts electricity

Question 47

What is a pH scale

Answer 47

A way to measure how acidic or basic a substance is

Question 48

What is the range of the pH scale

Answer 48

Acid : 0-6 (0 is strongest acid, 6 is the weakest) Base : 8-14 (14 is the strongest, 8 is the weakest) Neutral : 7

Question 49

What is an indicator

Answer 49

A substance that changes changes color when it comes in contact with an acid or base

Question 50

Example of indicator

Answer 50

Litmus paper

Question 51

What are ions

Answer 51

Atoms that have gained or lost electrons, giving them a positive or negative charge

Question 52

What are the smallest parts of matter

Answer 52

Atoms

Question 53

What is the positively charged center of an atom called

Answer 53

Nucleus

Question 54

The nucleus is surrounded by

Answer 54

Electrons

Question 55

What 3 particles make up an atom

Answer 55

Protons Neutrons Electrons

Question 56

What is an electron cloud

Answer 56

A region that where electrons are most probably found, surrounds the nucleus

Question 57

What is an isotope

Answer 57

Atoms of the same element that have different amounts of neutrons