Periodic Table

Question 1

Define periodic property

Answer 1

A physical or chemical property that is repeated in a regular pattern for elements when they are arranged according to their atomic number

Question 2

Define period

Answer 2

Refer to the rows in the periodic table. Drone left to right in the table the elements change from metals to non metals

Question 3

Define group

Answer 3

Refer to the columns in the periodic table. Elements in a given group bear many similar physical and chemical properties

Question 4

What are the periodic properties

Answer 4

Atomic size or radius, ionization energy, electron affinity and electronegativity

Question 5

Define atomic size or radius

Answer 5

A measure of the size of the atom. It is found by determining half of the separation distance between the nuclei of the two adjacent atoms

Question 6

What are the trends of atomic size or radius

Answer 6

Increases down each group because he valence electrons occupy an energy level that is farther from the nucleus.
Decreases across a period because the positive charge in the nucleus increases across a period

Question 7

Define ionization energy

Answer 7

The energy needed to remove the most loosely held electron from the atom

Question 8

What are the trends of ionization energy

Answer 8

Decrease down a group

Increase across a period

Question 9

Define electron affinity

Answer 9

A measure of energy change that occupies when an electron is added to the outer energy level of an atom to form a negative ion on anion

Question 10

What are the trends or electron affinity

Answer 10

Decreases down a group

Increases across a period

Question 11

Define electronegativity

Answer 11

Measure of and atoms ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond
Now recorded for noble gases because they do not usually participate in bonding

Question 12

What are the trends of electronegativity

Answer 12

Increases across a period

Decreases down a period

Question 13

What is the chemical reactivity of alkali metals

Answer 13

Increases as you go down the group
Each metal gives a distinct colour flame  in the flame test 
Relatively hard but hardness decreases as you go down the group 
Low density (some float on water)

Question 14

What is alkali reactivity with water

Answer 14

Very reactive

Generates hydrogen gas and aqueous solution of metal hydroxide

Question 15

What is alkali reactivity with oxygen

Answer 15

Very reactive with oxygen

Reacts with oxygen to form an oxide

Question 16

Alkali earth metals chemical reactivity

Answer 16

Less reactive in water than alkali but more then regular metals
Form ionic compounds with non- metals
All burn in air to form oxides
Oxides of these metals react with water to form metal hydroxide solutions

Question 17

Physical properties of alkali earth metals

Answer 17

Harder and denser than alkali metal (decreases as you go down)
Higher melting point and higher boiling point than alkali metals(decreases as you go down)

Question 18

Describe group IIIa

Answer 18

Metals

None of the elements in this group react with air or water at room temperature

Question 19

Group IVa

Answer 19

Contains non-metal carbon

Question 20

Group Va

Answer 20

Contains the non metal nitrogen

Question 21

group VIa

Answer 21

Contains oxygen and sulfur
Can for ionic compounds w metals
Can form covalent compounds with non metallic elements like hydrogen
Oxygen reacts with most other elements to form oxides

Question 22

Transitional metals

Answer 22

Topical metals 
Good conductors of heat and electricity 
Malleable 
Ductile
Higher melting and boiling point and harder tougher and stronger than alkali metals but less reactive

Question 23

Semi metals

Answer 23

Have some but not all the properties of metals 
Good semi conductor
Very high melting and boiling point 
Very hard 
Form giant covalent structures

Question 24

Halogens reactivity

Answer 24

Increases as you go up the group
Most reactive non metal
React w alkali metals to form salts

Question 25

Halogens physical properties

Answer 25

``` Coloured non metals State varies Low melting and boiling point but decreases down the group Brittle when solid Poor conductors ```

Question 26

Noble gasses

Answer 26

Colour less Low melting and boiling point Individual atoms Unreactive

Question 27

Physical properties of metal

Answer 27

``` Shiny metallic appearance Solid at room temperature High melting and boiling point malleable Ductile Conduct heat and electricity High density Most are hard ```

Question 28

Chemical properties of a metal

Answer 28

React with air or oxygen to form oxides Form basic oxides that react with acids to form salts and hydrogen gas Metals readily form positive ions in compounds by losing electrons Their oxides and chlorides are usually ionic in terms of chemical bonding

Question 29

Metal oxides

Answer 29

Metals react with oxygen to form basic oxides Basic because they reacts with water to form alkaline solutions which react with acids to form salts Some do not react in water because they do not form hydroxides Tend to be ionic in bonding character with high melting points

Question 30

Activity series of metals

Answer 30

The higher the metal in the series the more reactive it is the more reactive a metal is the harder it is to extract it from the ore the more reactive a metal the more susceptible it is to corrosion from oxygen and water

Question 31

Physical properties of non metals

Answer 31

Vary in state Solid non metals are generally brutal and lack metallic luster Most are poor conductor of electricity and heat (Except carbon graphite) Low melting point Low density

Question 32

Chemical properties of non metals

Answer 32

For acidic oxides when burned in air or oxygen | Do not usually react with acids

Question 33

Non metal oxides

Answer 33

Are acidic React with water to for acids Have low melting/ boiling points