Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards
(64 cards)
1
Q
H
A
Hydrogen
2
Q
Na
A
sodium
3
Q
K
A
potassium
4
Q
Mg
A
magnesium
5
Q
Ca
A
calcium
6
Q
Al
A
aluminum
7
Q
C
A
carbon
8
Q
N
A
nitrogen
9
Q
Pb
A
lead
10
Q
Au
A
gold
11
Q
O
A
oxygen
12
Q
S
A
sulfur
13
Q
F
A
fluorine
14
Q
Cl
A
chlorine
15
Q
I
A
iodine
16
Q
He
A
helium
17
Q
Ne
A
neon
18
Q
Ar
A
argon
19
Q
Ag
A
silver
20
Q
Cu
A
copper
21
Q
Kr
A
krypton
22
Q
Xe
A
xenon
23
Q
Rn
A
radon
24
Q
Fe
A
iron
25
Cr
chromium
26
Zn
zinc
27
Sn
tin
28
Hg
mercury
29
W
tungsten
30
Pt
platinum
31
coefficient
number attached to the element(s)
32
subscript
below
33
superscript
above
34
radical
2 or 3 elements that bond together and act as a single substance
35
Balancing Equations Formula
_reactant + _reactant ------- _product + _product
36
What are the parts of an atom?
- proton
- electron
- neutron
- orbital
37
What is a proton?
positively charged particle
38
What is an electron?
negatively charged particle
39
What is a neutron?
particle without a positive or negative charge
40
What is an orbital?
the path in which the electron follows
41
What makes up the nucleus?
protons & neutrons
42
What is a quark?
smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons
43
What are the types of quarks?
- up
- down
- strange
- charm
- bottom
- top
44
What is an ion?
an atom with unequal numbers of protons and electrons, so they are not electrically natural - they have an electric charge
45
What is the atomic mass?
of protons + # of neutrons
46
What is an atomic number?
the number of electrons an element has
47
What is an isotope?
A form of an atom with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons (usually radioactive)
48
What is radioactivity?
atoms that aren't stable and parts keep going off into things
49
How is the periodic table organized?
families are vertical columns and periods are horizontal rows
50
What is a family?
elements that share very similar physical and chemical properties
51
What are the special A family properties?
The number of the A family tells us how many valence electrons it has.
52
What are valence electrons?
electrons on the outside-most orbital
53
What are periods?
the number of the period tells how many orbitals the atoms have
54
What are the characteristics of Family 1A?
- 1 valence electron
- soft, shiny elements
- are highly reactive with family VII A
- H is the only one that is not a metal
55
What is the octet rule?
most atoms will try to have 8 electrons on their outside most orbital
56
Which elements do not follow the octet rule?
Helium & Hydrogen
57
What are the characteristics for Family VIII A?
- found by Humphrey Davey
- known as Noble Gases
- have 8 valence electrons
- do not usually form compounds
58
What are the characteristics of Family VII A?
- very reactive non-metals
- elements in all states of matter
- 7 valence electrons
- frequently react with I A and II A
- form ionic bonds with other elements
59
What are ionic bonds?
bonds formed by the transfer of electrons
60
What is an anion?
positively charged ion (lose electron)
61
What is a cation?
negatively charged ion (gain electrons)
62
What is salt?
a compound containing a metal and a non-metal salts end in 'ide'
63
What is 'ose'?
ending for sugars (glucose)
64
What is 'ase'?
ending for enzymes, chemicals that speed up or slow down reactions or cause things to break down
