Periodontal Ligament

Question 1

Cell-rich, fiber-rich dense connective tissue

Answer 1

Periodontal ligament

Question 2

The periodontal ligament is located between (1) _____ and (2) _____

Answer 2

1. root surface of the tooth
2. Alveolar bone proper

Question 3

What binds the cementum of the root to the alveolar bone

Answer 3

Periodontal ligament

Question 4

Functions of the alveolar bone (4)

Answer 4

1. Supportive
2. Sensory
3. Homeostatic
4. Nutritive

Question 5

It is the principal cells of the PDL

Answer 5

Fibroblasts

Question 6

What cells closely resemble inactive fibroblasts

Answer 6

Cementoprogenitor and osteoprogenitor cells

Question 7

Resist vertical and intrusive force and anchor tooth to the alveolus

Answer 7

Alveolar crest group

Question 8

Fiber group found immediately apical to the alveolar crest group

Answer 8

Horizontal fiber group

Question 9

Resist horizontal or lateral pressures

Answer 9

Horizontal fiber group

Question 10

Most numerous and largest fiber group

Answer 10

Oblique fiber group

Question 11

Sustains occlusal forces and resist intrusive masticatory forces

Answer 11

Oblique fiber group

Question 12

Prevents vestibule-oral tipping

Answer 12

Apical fiber group

Question 13

Fiber group found only between roots of multirooted tooth

Answer 13

Interradicular fiber group

Question 14

Resist tipping and torque

Answer 14

Interradicular fiber group

Question 15

2 types of fiber group

Answer 15

Gingival fiber group and dentoalveolar fiber group

Question 16

Bundles of microfibrils that resemble elastic fibers

Answer 16

Oxytalan fibers

Question 17

It is found in between group of fibers

Answer 17

interstitial space

Question 18

Are channels that houses interdental and interradicular arteries, veins, lymph, vessels, and nerves

Answer 18

Canals of Zuckerkandl and Hirschfeld

Question 19

Cementoprogenitor cells become later as ___ and ___

Answer 19

1. cementoblasts
2. Cementoclasts

Question 20

Osteoprogenitor cells become later as ___ and ___

Answer 20

1. Osteoblasts
2. Osteoclasts

Question 21

It is the source of new cells for the PDL

Answer 21

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

Question 22

Physiologic cell death

Answer 22

Apoptosis

Question 23

What cell function as defense cells with phagocytic activity

Answer 23

Macrophages

Question 24

This cell appear in the PDL when stressed by disease

Answer 24

Leukocytes

Question 25

What makes up the principal fiber group?

Answer 25

Collagen fiber

Question 26

What are the 2 types of immature elastin fiber?

Answer 26

1. Oxytalan fibers 2. Elaunin fibers

Question 27

What type of fiber is found at the base of the socket / alveolar bone proper?

Answer 27

Apical group fiber

Question 28

What type of fiber keeps the gingiva against the tooth?

Answer 28

Circular fiber group

Question 29

What are the 4 types of circular fiber group?

Answer 29

1. Circular group 2. Dentogingival group 3. Dentoperiosteal group 4. Alveogingival group

Question 30

What fibers are embedded within a small quantity of elastin forming a network?

Answer 30

Launin fibers

Question 31

What happens to the fiber bundles of the PDL when it loses function?

Answer 31

It becomes thinner and atrophic

Question 32

What aids in the support of blood and lymphatic vessels and nerves?

Answer 32

Reticular fibers

Question 33

The ground substance of the PDL is composed of what (3)?

Answer 33

1. Glycosaminoglycans 2. Glycoprotein 3. Glycolipids

Question 34

What supplies the PDL?

Answer 34

Superior and inferior alveolar arteries and veins

Question 35

Give the 3 branches of the superior and inferior alveolar arteries

Answer 35

1. Dental artery - apical foramen 2. Interalveolar and interradicular arteries - bone 3. Periosteal arteries - other periodontal tissues

Question 36

What are the 2 nerve supply of PDL?

Answer 36

1. Somatosensory system 2. Autonomic system

Question 37

Periodontal tissues arises from which structure?

Answer 37

Dental follicle / dental sac

Question 38

What is the difference between alveolar clade and cemental clade?

Answer 38

Alveolar clade - fibroblasts and osteoblasts Cemental clade - fibroblasts and cementoblasts

Question 39

The periodontal ligament is longer at which side? Bone or cementum?

Answer 39

Bone