Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Oral biology > Periodontium > Flashcards

Periodontium Flashcards

(66 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

periodontium is defined as

A

those tissues supporting and investing the tooth which are PDL, cementum, bone lining and the gingiva facing the tooth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

periodontium has what origin

A

ectomesenchymal except gingiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define cementum

A

cementum is a vascular hard tissue that surrounds the root of the tooth. it either has cell or no cell and is has collagen fibers in its matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

stages of development of cementum

A

it has 2 stages
prefunctional stage that occurs throughout root formation
and functional stage that occurs after the tooth is in occlusion and continues throughout life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

function of acellular and cellular cementum

A

acellular has the role of anchorage and cellular has the adaptative response to tooth wear and movement and repair of periodontal tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

composition of cementum

A

45-50% hydroxy and 50% organic collagen and non collagenous proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

predominant collagen if cementum and its function

A

is type I collagen and is found in pdl and it structures the fiber bundles that attach the tooth to the bone and distribute masticatory force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

type III in cementum is found when

A

during repair, development and regeneration of mineralization and is reduced as the the cementum matures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

another type of collagen except I and III and its found where and does what?

A

its XII type collagen and its found is association with type I . its present in ligamentous tissues including pdl and it maintains a mature and functional pdl to withstand the occlusion of the force of occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

trace amount of other collagen found are

A

V VI AND XIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

non collagenous proteins found in cementum are

A

alkaline phosphate, bone sialoprotein, dentine sialoprotein, dentine matrix protein 1, osteonectin, ostepontin, tenascin, oesteocalcin, proteoglycans, fibronectin and BRIL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cementum formation initiation is limited to

A

root edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe what happens before cementum on roof surface is made

A

HERS at the coronoapical extension of inner and outer enamel epithelium send induction message to produce some enamel or other epithelium proteins to the facing ectomesenchymal pulp cells, that form odontoblast and make the predentin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

current theories

A
  1. after dentine has been deposited, the hers become interrupted and ectomesenchymal cells from the inner portion of dentinal follicle comes in contact with the predentin
  2. dental follicle receive reciprocal inductive signals from dentine or hers surrounding the cells and differentiate into cementoblast.
  3. the hers trasnform into cementoblast
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cell rest of malassez

A

the fragments of sheath make up a mass of cells in pdl know as the cell rest of malassez which function as maintained and regeneration of periodontal tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

enamel pearls and made where (ALSO CALLED AS RADICULAR CYST)

A

if HERS remain attached to the forming root, they form focal deposition of enamel like material on the furcation of the root,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Precursors cells of cementum and pdl are what and what origin

A

the origin is dental follicle and the cells are cementoblast and fibroblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what leads to the formation of cementodentinal junction

A

cementoblast producing acellular extrinsic fiber differentiate at the proximity of the root edge
in the developing root, cementoblast align against the un mineralized mantle dentine
they extend their processes inside the mantle dentin and starts depositing collagen fibers so the cementum and dentine intermingle.
mineralization then spreads from mantle dentine to the cementum under the influence on non collagenous matrix proteins and that’s how CEJ is made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

initial acellular extrinsic fiber cementum has

A

a layer on mineralization with collagen fiber fringe implanted perpendicular to the root surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how acellular extrinsic fiber cementum thickens

A

the cells on the surface move away depositing more collagen so that the fine fiber bundle thickens, it also secrete non collagenous matrix protein that are present between the collagen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the activity of surface cells moving away and depositing collagen goes on for how long and what happens after that

A

this activity goes on till 15 to 20 micrometer of cementum has been formed and then pdl comes and gets stitched with the fibrous fringe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

stirations seen on acellular extrinsic fiber cementum

A

one stiaration is parralel to the rooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

initial acellular extrinsic fiber cementum has

A

a layer on mineralization with collagen fiber fringe implanted perpendicular to the root surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how acellular extrinsic fiber cementum thickens

A

the cells on the surface move away depositing more collagen so that the fine fiber bundle thickens, it also secrete non collagenous matrix protein that are present between the collagen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
the activity of surface cells moving away and depositing collagen goes on for how long and what happens after that
this activity goes on till 15 to 20 micrometer of cementum has been formed and then pdl comes and gets stitched with the fibrous fringe
26
stirations seen on acellular extrinsic fiber cementum
one striation is parallels to the root and is the incremental deposition and the other striation is perpendicular to the root surface and those are mineralized PDL collagen fiber bundles
27
overall degree of mineralization of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum is
45-60%
28
cellular intrinsic fiber cementum
after half the root has been formed a less mineralized cementum is formed against the unmirezalllied dentine at the advancing root
29
cementoid
a layer of un mineralized matrix present on the surface of mineralized matrix is present called cementoid
30
cementocytes
as cementum deposition progress the cementoblast gets entrapped in the ecm secreted by cementoblast and now are called cementocytes. they reside in lacuna and have canaliculi which does not form syncytium
31
cellular mixed fiber cementum
as PDL becomes organized, cementum keeps depositing around the ligament fiber bundles and that's how they are in cooperated into the cementum and are partially mineralized so are called cellular mixed fiber cementum
32
sec0ndayr cementum is identifiable in microscope how
it has cementocytes lying in lacuna and have canaliculi directed towards the tooth surface intrinsic fibers are uniformly mineralized where as extrinsic are not the presence of cementoid on the surface
33
secondary cementum is not present in what teeth and is confined to
canine and incisor | apical and interradicular regions of the tooth
34
acellular afribrillar cementum
cementum has no collagen and its deposited on enamel and dentine in proximity to DEJ (does not take part in tooth anchoring)
35
2 ways that believed to form then acellular afribrillar cementum
caused by a developmental anomaly due to local disruption in the reduced enamel epithelium that permit follicular cells to come in contact with enamel and differentiate into cementoblast HERS may form epithelial products that accumulate on the root surface and form this intermediate cementum
36
acellular afibril cementum is found
cervical enamel
37
extrinsic acellular fiber cementum found
cervical margin (50 micrometer) to two thirds of the root and in canine and incisor (only one found in this teeth) present till apical foramen (200 micrometer)
38
intrinsic cellular fiber cementum is found
apical third till interradicular regions of molar and pre molar till furcation
39
CEJ %
30% enamel and cementum meets at butt joint 10% have gap junction between them exposing root dentine 60% cementum overlaps enamel
40
exposure of root dentine can casue what issues
sensitivity root caries and idiopathic osteoclast mediated root resorption
41
alveolar process consist of
outer (buccal and lingual) cortical plate, central spongiosa and bone lining the alveolar (alveolar bone) n
42
the cortical plate and alveolar bone meet at
the alveolar crest
43
cribriform plate
the alveolar bone has inner and outer compartment that has many foramina that has vessels and nerves so thats why its called as cribriform plate
44
lamina dura
alevolar bone has increase radiopacity
45
bundle bone
the bone lining the sockets are called as the bundle bone it has extrinsic collagen fiber bundles of pdl and less intrinsic collagen fibers than lamellar bone it provides a site for attachment for PDL
46
cortical plate consist of
has an surface layer of lamellar layer with compact Haversian system it is thinner in maxilla and thickest in buccal aspect of premolar and molars of mandible
47
central part consist
trabecular or spongy bone which also has a Haversian system with trabeculae
48
trabecular bone is absent in
anterior teeth and the cortical plate and alveolar bone is fused together
49
PDL CELL differentation
heterogenous population of mesenchymal cells and have cells that differentiate into osteoblast or cementoblast also the perivascular and endosteal fibroblast that makes pdl cementum and bone
50
pdl is found where and its thinnest at what part
its a soft connective tissue present between the cementum of the root and the alveolar bone thinnest in the middle third of the root
51
pdl width
0.15 to 0.38 mm
52
pdl width in diff age
0. 21 mm from 11 to 16 0. 18 mm from 32 to 52 0. 15 mm from 51 to 67
53
PDL main cells
osteoblast, osteoclast, macrophages, fibroblast, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, stem cells, cementoblast
54
PDL ground substances contains
glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins and glycolipids
55
fibroblast and their ability
fibroblast are the principal cells of pdl and have the ability to achevive high rate or protein turn over the ecm specially collagen
56
fibroblast contains what as in organelles
they have extensive amount of cytoplasm with organelles involved in protein synthesis and secretions they also have a cytoskeleton mainly actin which allows the migration and change in shape of fibroblast
57
epithelial cells
they are ruminant of HERS, ERM WHICH are found near cementum. they maintain pdl and have a stem cell compartment that can give rise to various periodontium cells.
58
epithelial cells can be activated to make
epithelial and mesenchymal matrix proteins that take part in mineralization of tooth and bone
59
undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
they are a source of new PDL CELLS, fibroblast osteoblast and cementoblast.
60
stem cells
more easily available stem cells in pdl than in pulp | they differentiate into adipogenic, cemetogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic cells.
61
dentogingival group
attached from cervical cementum to the lamina propria of attached and free gingiva
62
alveologingival group
attached from the alveolar crest of bone to the lamina propria of attached and free gingiva
63
circular group
small groups of fibers, forms a band around the neck of the tooth and interlacing with other group of fibers and attached free gingiva to the tooth
64
dentoperiosteal group
run apically from cementum into the periosteum of the outer cortical plate and insert into alveolar process or vestibular muscle and floor of the mouth
65
transseptal fiber
run from the cemetum of one tooth apical to the base of epithelium junction over the alveolar crest and insert into the cemetum of another tooth
66
transseptal fiber system are a major cause of
postretention relapse of orthodontically positioned teeth

Oral biology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions