Perioperative Nursing

Question 1

caused by faulty systems, processes, and conditions that lead people to make mistakes or fail to prevent them…

Answer 1

medical errors, IOM

Question 2

2017 National Patient Safety Goals

Answer 2

1. prevent infection after surgery
2. Right surgery, right patient, right site
3. Surgical site marking
4. Pause before surgery

Question 3

Process of passing patient information from one caregiver to another for the purpose of ensuring the continuity and safety of the patient

Answer 3

hand-off communication

Question 4

SBAR

Answer 4

situation, background, assessment, recommendations

Question 5

need to be admitted and watched

Answer 5

inpatient

Question 6

one day surgery center

Answer 6

ambulatory

Question 7

surgery that needs to be immediately to ensure survival

Answer 7

emergency

Question 8

choosing to have a surgery completed that is not necessary

Answer 8

elective

Question 9

surgery that needs to be completed but not immediately

Answer 9

urgent

Question 10

minor vs major

Answer 10

minor = wisdom teeth removal
major = open heart surgery on bypass

Question 11

surgery classifications

Answer 11

diagnostic
curative
restorative
palliative
cosmetic
transplant

Question 12

from when the patient and physician decide surgery is necessary until patient is transferred to OR bed

Answer 12

preoperative

Question 13

OB red until transfer to PACU

Answer 13

intraoperative

Question 14

PACU admission until the last followup physical appointmet

Answer 14

postoperative

Question 15

assess
health hx
physical assessment (VS, CXR, EKG, blood type and screen,, CBC, CMP, electrolytes, coagulation studies, urinaylsis)
outcome identification
education
physical preparation
care plan evaluation

Answer 15

preoperative care

Question 16

when a patient autonomously and cognitively grants permission to a provider to perform a surgery procedure after considering all alternatives, benefits, and risks of the procedure

Answer 16

informed consent

Question 17

Description
underlying disease process and course
name and qualifications of surgeon
explanation of risks and expected outcome
right to refuse or withdraw consent
must be 18 or an emancipated minor to sign consent
parents sign for dependent children as legally responsible

Answer 17

needed for informed consent

Question 18

clarity information provided by physician
ensure consent prior to administering mood affecting drugs
witness to signature

Answer 18

nursing responsibilities for informed consent

Question 19

preoperative mediations

Answer 19

sedatives
anticholinergies
neuroleptanalgesics
narcotics
H2 receptor blockers

Question 20

accurate patient ID
last known oral intake
safe transport with 4 side rails up
IV infusing at prescribed rate
preoperative medications taken or sent with patient
OR checklist and easily accessible

Answer 20

Immediate pre op responsbilities of the nurse

Question 21

maintenance of sterile technique
contrinuous pt monitoring
fire safety
instrument and sponge count
breaks for personnel - use SBAR!
positioning - monitor pressure points

Answer 21

intraoperative safety

Question 22

genetic condition; familial; anesthesia triggers a lot of overactive muscle movements
earliest sign = unexplained tachycardia
then = ventricular dysrhythmia
hypotension
hyperthermia
decreased CO
Oliguria
cardiac arrest

Answer 22

malignant hyperthermia

Question 23

loss of consciousness
relaxation of skeletal muscles
reduce reflex action

Answer 23

correct uses of general anesthesia

Question 24

being put to sleep

inhalation of IV

Answer 24

general anesthesia

Question 25

rapid induction, longer-lasting

Answer 25

inhaled general anesthesia

Question 26

pleasant onset, less post op N/V, brief duration

Answer 26

IV general anesthesia

Question 27

injected around nerves to area | pt. alert and awake

Answer 27

regional anesthesia

Question 28

types of regional anesthesia

Answer 28

epidural | spinal (C-section)

Question 29

conscious state sedation/monitored midazolam (Versed) = preferred agent excellent amnesia, short-acting

Answer 29

moderate anesthesia

Question 30

conduction block; reversible nerve block | injection into peripheral nerves

Answer 30

local anesthesia

Question 31

beginning anesthesia

Answer 31

stage I

Question 32

excitement

Answer 32

stage II

Question 33

surgical anesthesia

Answer 33

stage III

Question 34

medullary depression; irreversible brain death

Answer 34

stage IV

Question 35

``` pain hypervolemic shock N/V thrombophlebitis-DVT pulmonary embolus fluid overload atelectasis pneumonia airway obstruction surgical site infection (SSI) ```

Answer 35

post op complications

Question 36

prevent respiratory complications prevent cardiovascular complications monitor and prevent SSI maintaining glycemic control

Answer 36

post-op safety