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Anaesthetics > Perioperative Pharmacology > Flashcards

Perioperative Pharmacology Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

EMLA cream

A

Lidocaine with prilocaine topical analgesic

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2
Q

Omeprazole

A

gastric acid inhibitor (PPI)

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3
Q

Cyclizine

A

Anti-emetic (piperazine antiemetic)

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4
Q

Actrapid

A

short acting insulin

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5
Q

AMETOP

A

tetracaine topical analgesic

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6
Q

Ondansetron

A

5HT3 receptor antagonist

anti-emetic

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7
Q

Bupivacaine

A

long acting analgesic

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8
Q

Lisinopril

A

ACE-i

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9
Q

Metformin

A

anti-hyperglycaemic

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10
Q

Propofol

A

General anaesthetic

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11
Q

Lidocaine

A

short acting topical analgesic

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12
Q

Ranitidine

A

gastric acid inhibitor

H2 receptor antagonist

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13
Q

Temazepam

A

anxiolytic (sedation)

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14
Q

Morphine

A

mu opioid receptor agonist

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15
Q

Midazolam

A

anxiolytic (short acting)

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16
Q

Prochlorperazine

A

anti-emetic (phenothiazine)

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17
Q

Isoflurane

A

general anaesthetic

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18
Q

Lisinopril:
can safely be given in large doses in a hypertensive crisis
T/F

A

F

may induce refractory hypotension

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19
Q

Lisinopril:
may improve outcomes after MI
T/F

A

T

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20
Q

Lisinopril:
may cause an increase in plasma potassium
T/F

A

T

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21
Q

Lisinopril:
renal function and electrolytes should be checked before and during treatment with lisinopril
T/F

A

T

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22
Q

Lisinopril:
increases the rate of breakdown of angiotensin II
T/F

A

F

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23
Q

Mechanism of action of lisinopril

A

inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II by ACE

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24
Q

Uses of ACE-i

A

HTN
all grades of HF
prophylaxis after MI

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25
Salbutamol: can produce hypokalaemia T/F
T stimulation of Na/K ATPase results in potassium shift into cells which can lead to hypokalemia
26
Salbutamol: acts on the lungs only when given by the inhalational route T/F
F
27
Salbutamol: Induces bronchodilatation T/F
T
28
Salbutamol: is a beta-1 adrenoceptor agonist T/F
F beta-2
29
Salbutamol: may induce a tremor and anxiety at high dose T/F
T
30
Warfarin's anticoagulant effect: is altered by antibiotics T/F
T Antibiotics potentiate activity
31
Warfarin's anticoagulant effect: is exerted directly on the blood T/F
F inhibits the synthesis of Vitamin K dependent clotting factors
32
Warfarin's anticoagulant effect: is potentiated by barbituates T/F
F barbituates, oral contraceptives, carbamazepine inhibit activity
33
Warfarin's anticoagulant effect: is slow in onset T/F
T
34
Atenolol: acts by reversible competitive blockade of cardiac beta-1 adrenoceptors T/F
T
35
Atenolol: has no effect on B2 adrenoceptors in the lung T/F
F
36
Atenolol: can be used to treat hypertension and tachydysrhythmias T/F
T
37
Atenolol: can mask the signs of hyperglycaemia T/F
T b2 adrenoceptors normally stimulate hepatic glycogen breakdown & pancreatic release of glucagon, so increased plasma glucose. therefor blocking b2 adrenoceptors lowers plasma glucose
38
Atenolol: has positive chronotropic and ionotropic effects on the heart T/F
F have a -ve chronotropic and -ve ionotropic efect i.e. decrease heart rate and contractility
39
Morphine: is an antagonist at mu-opioid receptors T/F
F It's an agonist!
40
Morphine: in susceptible patients, opioids may induce N+V T/F
T
41
Morphine: Delayed (up to 12 hours) respiratory depression can occur in patients with spinal or epidural opioid administration T/F
T
42
Morphine: causes histamine release T/F
T
43
Morphine: has no effective metabolites T/F
F morphine-6-glucoronide
44
How are the opioid actions of morphine reversed
Naloxone or Naltrexone
45
Morphine has extensive first pass metabolism | T/F
T (half life 3-4h)
46
Insulin: is presented in a variety of preparations containining 1 unit/ml T/F
F 100 units/ml as standard
47
Insulin: stimulates carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis and lipogenesis T/F
F
48
BZDs: IV administration of BZDs is safe in a general ward setting T/F
T
49
BZDs: The half life of flumazenil is longer than temazepam T/F
F
50
BZDs: Flumazenil reverses the central effect of BZDs and IV general anaesthetics T/F
F Only reverses BZDs NOT GAs
51
Local anaesthetics: Accidental IV administration of local anaesthetic may lead to CV collapse T/F
T
52
Local anaesthetics: prevent action potential propagation in neurones T/F
T block Na channels (neurone cant depolarise)
53
Local anaesthetics: toxicity can be reversed using adrenaline T/F
?
54
Local anaesthetics: allergy is extremely rare T/F
T
55
Local anaesthetics: spinal anaesthesia may cause hypotension through sympathetic nervous system block T/F
T
56
Gastric Pharmacology: steroid and NSAID therapy does not affect the integrity of gastric and duodenal mucosa T/F
F
57
Gastric Pharmacology: Lansoprazole tablets are usually administered OD T/F
T
58
Gastric Pharmacology: Fasting guidelines help reduce acid aspiration in surgical patients T/F
T
59
Gastric Pharmacology: Ranitidine acts as an antagonist at H1 receptors T/F
F H2 receptors
60
Gastric Pharmacology: Omeprazole redcues gastric acid secretion by proton pump inhibition T/F
T
61
Antiemetics: Post operative nausea and vomiting is rare after surgical procedures T/F
F
62
Antiemetics: Metoclopramide is a useful antiemetic in children and elderly T/F
F
63
Antiemetics: Often more than a single antiemetic drug is required for the Tx of PONV T/F
T
64
Antiemetics: Ondansetron is a 5HT3 receptor antagonist T/F
T
65
Antiemetics: Smokers have a higher risk of PONV T/F
F
66
General Anaesthetics: Most GA agents induce cardio-respiratory depression T/F
T
67
General Anaesthetics: all GAs provide effective analgesia T/F
F
68
General Anaesthetics: The IV agent propofol can be used safely and effectively for sedation on general wards T/F
F
69
General Anaesthetics: Isoflurane is a useful anaesthetic for total IV anaesthesia T/F
F
70
General Anaesthetics: GA can be reversed by flumazenil T/F
F

Anaesthetics (2 decks)

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