Perioperative Quiz Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
aseptic
A
free from contamination of bacteria
2
Q
peri-operative
A
whole surgery
3
Q
pre-operative
A
decide to have surgery - OR
4
Q
intra-operative
A
OR - PACU
5
Q
post-operative
A
PACU - Recovery
6
Q
elective surgery
A
planned/scheduled - with no time crunch
7
Q
urgent surgery
A
surgery within 24 hours
8
Q
emergent surgery
A
immediate surgery needed to save life or limb
9
Q
diagnostic
A
obtain tissue sample
10
Q
exploratory
A
confirms condition
11
Q
curative
A
removal of diseased tissue
12
Q
cosmetic
A
requested removal
13
Q
plasty
A
formation/repair
14
Q
otomy
A
incision
15
Q
ostomy
A
permanent artificial opening
16
Q
oscopy
A
looking into
17
Q
orrhaphy
A
suture of/ repair
18
Q
ectomy
A
removed by cutting
19
Q
anesthesiologist
A
nurse that works with anesthesia
20
Q
circulating nurse
A
obtain supplies, count equipment, document on surgery
21
Q
surgical scrub nurse
A
scrubs in and hands tools to surgeon
22
Q
RN FA
A
helps surgeon by suctioning wound, or holding tools, or stitching up. stands right by surgeon
23
Q
CRNA
A
registered nurse that works with anesthesia
24
Q
surgeon
A
doctor that does surgery
25
adjunct
something added to other thing as supplementary...not an essential part
26
anesthesia
helps numb or put to sleep
27
atelectasis
alveoli stick together
28
dehiscence
suture that comes apart
29
debridement
removal of damaged tissue from wound
30
evisceration
guts come out
31
hematoma
solid swelling of clotted blood
32
hypothermia
abnormally low body temperature
33
hyperthermia
abnormally high body temp
34
malignant hyperthermia
muscles tense up (allergic reaction to anesthesia)
35
what are some risk factors when going into surgery
infection, cardiac disease, hypertension, kidney, liver disease, anesthesia, previous surgery
36
after general anesthesia, many patients occlude their airway, what can be done to open this up
intubate
37
what is wound healing by first intention
edges together
38
what is wound healing by second intention
open wound , granulation tissue grows
39
what is wound healing by third intention
wound is infected - leave open wait for infection to stop - close up
40
what is the reversal agent for opioids
nalaxone
41
what is the reversal agent for benzodiazepines
flumazenil
42
how long is the action of the reversal agent compared to the action of some of the meds
wear off sooner than meds
43
what does the nurse need to assess for
breathing
44
when should post op teaching begin
before surgery - pre-op
45
what is a PCA and how does it work
patient controlled analgesic - push button to get dose as wanted
46
should anyone else hit the PCA button
no
47
who is to give information to the patient about the surgical procedure, risks and benefits prior to the patient signing the informed consent
surgeon
48
if the nurse is witnessing the informed consent and the patient still has questions regarding the risks and benefits of surgery what should the nurse do
call surgeon to talk with patient
49
if a wedding ring cannot be removed what should the nurse do
tape it
50
what are the zones of the operative area and what must be worn in each different zone
OR restricted zone - mask, gown, cap, shoe covers
51
what is the priority in a patient post op after general anesthesia
check vitals, watch for malignant hyperthermia
52
what are possible complications of surgery
infection, DVT, shock, hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism, urinary retention, reaction to anesthesia
53
symptoms of DVT
clots in legs - warm, red, veins in legs
54
treatment of DVT
lay down, blood thinners, compression stockings
55
symptoms of Pulmonary embolism
shortness of breath, chest pain, low O2
56
treatment of pulmonary embolism
anticoagulants
57
symptoms of atelectasis
dyspnea, tachypnea, decreased R, increased HR
58
treatment of atelectasis
breathing exercises, oxygen, may need surgery
59
symptoms of infection
fluid volume excess, injury related to positioning, hypothermia, (no symptoms for a few days)- increased T, increased WBC, red, warm
60
treatment for infection
antibiotics,
61
symptoms of pneumonia
fever, increased R, crackles, hypoxia
62
treatment of pneumonia
antibiotics, oxygen therapy, IV fluids
63
symptoms of dehiscence
edges come apart, undernourished, elderly
64
treatment of dehiscence
use binder, splint incision, put back together
65
symptoms of evisceration
guts come out
66
treatment of evisceration
semi fowlers, knee up, cover w/ sterile soaked gauze, IV fluids, monitor for shock
67
symptoms of hemorrhage
can see blood (look at incision)
| if it's internal (increased HR, decreased BP)
68
treatment of hemorrhage
elevate head, IV fluids, reversal anticoagulation therapy
69
symptoms of malignant hyperthermia
allergic reaction to anesthesia - muscles twitch and tighten, increased T, muscle rigidity, tacypnea, flushed, cyanosis, acidosis
70
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
stop surgery, O2, notify DR STAT, cool with ice, (Dantrolene Sodium - Dantrium - muscle relaxant)
71
symptoms of urinary retention
doesn't pee, dribbling, restless, lower abdominal pain, increased BP
72
treatment of urinary retention
catheter it
73
symptoms of constipation
don't poop, abdominal pain, sound, firm abdomen
74
treatment for constipation
stool softener, fiber, increase fluid, ambulation (exercise)
75
paralytic ileus
absence of peristalsis in an area
76
symptoms of paralytic ileus
lack of bowel sounds, distention, severe abdominal pain, emesis
77
treatment for paralytic ileus
NG inserted for to suction from stomach
78
what are the inhalant anesthetics
nitrous oxide and O2
79
what color tank is nitrous oxide
blue
80
what color tank is O2 in
green
81
sodium channel blockers are considered
numbing medicine
82
sodium channel blockers all end in
caine
83
this type of anesthesia is considered
local
84
name the opioids commonly used in surgery and post op
fentanyl, morphine, meperidine (Demerol)
85
what is given pre op to decrease secretions - what class of med is it
Atropine (anti cholinergics)
86
what are adjuvents classes and how do they affect anesthesia
opioids, antiemetics, sedatives - muscle relaxants
87
what is a common type of anesthesia used for women in labor
regional(epidural)
88
how can the nurse attempt to avoid a spinal headache in the client
lay flat for a few hrs after spinal, give fluids
89
if a sedating preanesthetic med is given, what is an important safety measure
check respirations
90
what are 2 common classes of medications that patients can build a tolerance and dependence on if used long term
opioid, benzodiazipines
91
if a patient is taking anti anxiety medications, opioids, or any CNS depressant, what should be avoided for safety sake
overdose
92
what class of medications are used for insomnia
barbiturates
93
meperidine
demerol
94
what are the 4 stages of anesthesia
induction, maintenance, recovery, rapid recovery
95
what is the induction stage
time from patient awake - consciousness
96
what is the maintenance stage
ability to keep patient safe
97
what is the recovery stage
moving back to stage 1
98
what is rapid recovery stage
recovery without side effects
