Peripheral Nerve

Question 1

3 shapes of neurons

Answer 1

Multipolar, Bipolar, Unipolar

Question 2

Where are Multipolar neurons found?

Answer 2

CNS

Question 3

Where are Bipolar neurons found?

Answer 3

Retina and statoacoustic nerve ganglion

Question 4

Where are Unipolar neurons found?

Answer 4

Posterior root ganglion, Cranial nerve ganglion

Question 5

Function of Somatic Afferent nerves

Answer 5

exteroceptive sensitivity from skin (monitors external environment) pain, touch, temp, conscious proprioception, awareness of limb position

Question 6

Function of Somatic Efferent nerves

Answer 6

Allows interaction with external environment (control of striated muscle)

Question 7

Function of Visceral Efferent nerves

Answer 7

Allows for control of internal environment, contraction of smooth muscle, secretion of glands, has pre/postganglionic neurons

Question 8

Preganglionic neuron CBO located

Answer 8

within CNS

Question 9

Postganglionic neuron CBO located

Answer 9

in autonomic ganglion

Question 10

Function of Visceral Afferent nerves

Answer 10

Visceral sensibility, monitors internal environment (HR,BP, Smooth muscle)

Question 11

Posterior rami are composed of…

Answer 11

Somatic Afferent and Visceral Afferent

Question 12

Anterior rami are composed of…

Answer 12

Somatic Efferent and Visceral Efferent

Question 13

Myelin producing cells in CNS

Answer 13

Oligodendrocytes

Question 14

Meylin producing cells in PNS

Answer 14

Schwann Cells

Question 15

Glia located in the CNS

Answer 15

Astrocyte, Oligodendroglia, Microglia

Question 16

Glia located in the PNS

Answer 16

Schwann, satellite cells,

Question 17

When an Axon is damaged what happens to the peripheral end?

Answer 17

It completely degenerates, but the myelin remains

Question 18

What is endoneurium?

Answer 18

A delicate connective tissue layer that encloses the myelin sheath

Question 19

What do astrocytes do for regenerating neurons?

Answer 19

They direct growth?

Question 20

Function of A-alpha (I) Neurons

Answer 20

Miotatic reflex

Question 21

Function of A-beta (II) neurons

Answer 21

deep touch

Question 22

Function of A-delta (III) neurons

Answer 22

Light touch, fast pain

Question 23

Function of C (IV) neurons

Answer 23

slow pain

Question 24

What is the neurotransmitter of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 24

Acetylcholine

Question 25

Neuromuscular spindle

Answer 25

sensory receptors in the belly of a muscle that detect changes in the length of the muscle to determine proprioception. associated with the stretch reflex

Question 26

Nuclear bag

Answer 26

lies in the neuromuscular spindle and contains annulospinal endings (senses stretch) and A-alpha sensory fibers which conducts stretch singal back to spinal cord

Question 27

intrafusal fibers

Answer 27

adjacent to nuclear bag. are innervated by gamma motor neurons. put tension on the nuclear bag. don't move limb

Question 28

extrafusal fibers

Answer 28

move limb. innervated by alpha motor neurons

Question 29

lower motor neuron

Answer 29

nerve cell body located in CNS and axon in PNS. innervates striated muscle.

Question 30

Flaccid paralysis

Answer 30

paralysis and loss of muscle tone due to nerve damage

Question 31

Atonia

Answer 31

loss of regular muscle tone

Question 32

Areflexia

Answer 32

loss of stretch (myotatic) reflex

Question 33

fasciculations

Answer 33

spontaneous contraction of bundles of muscle fibers

Question 34

Lower motor neuron lesion results from lesion of...

Answer 34

peripheral nerve, anterior root, anterior horn motor neurons

Question 35

Most common primary disorder of neuromuscular | transmission

Answer 35

Myasthenia gravis

Question 36

symptoms of myasthenia gravis

Answer 36

weakness, drooping eyelids, oropharyngeal muscle weakness

Question 37

function of annulospiral endings

Answer 37

senses stretch

Question 38

characteristics of saltatory conduction

Answer 38

membrane depolarization happens at nodes, wave of depolarization occurs at next node, conduction can take place in either direction.

Question 39

protective sheaths around a peripheral nerve

Answer 39

endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium