Peripheral nerve Anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
Dorsal scapular nerve target
A
Rhomboids
2
Q
Dorsal scapular nerve roots
A
C4 c5
3
Q
Long thoracic target
A
Serratus anterior
4
Q
Long thoracic roots
A
C5 c6 C7
5
Q
Long thoracic action
A
Stabilize shoulder when pushing
6
Q
Medial pectoral roots
A
C8 T1
7
Q
Lateral pectoral target
A
Pectoralis major
8
Q
Lateral pectoral roots
A
C5 C6
9
Q
Thoracodorsal target
A
Latissimus Dorsi
10
Q
Thoracodorsal nerve roots
A
C6 C7 C8
11
Q
Subscapular nerve target
A
Teres major
12
Q
Suprascapular nerve target
A
Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
13
Q
Subscapular nerve roots
A
C5, C6,C7
14
Q
Musculocutaneous nerve targets (4)
A
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii
Lateral antebrachial cutaneous
15
Q
Axillary nerve targets (3)
A
Deltoid
Teres minor
Small patch on lateral arm (sargent’s patch)
16
Q
Radial nerve targets (13)
A
Triceps Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Supinator Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor indicis Superficial radial nerve
17
Q
“Fat in a frying pan”
A
Normal spontaneous activity representing end plate spikes
18
Q
Timing to abnormal spontaneous activity
A
2-6 weeks after injury
19
Q
Abnormal spontaneous activity - represents what?
A
Acute lack of innervation
20
Q
How long does abnormal spontaneous activity last?
A
Until re-innervation unless ongoing nerve injury
21
Q
What causes a fibrillation potential?
A
AP of a single muscle fiber that loses innervation acutely or ongoing
22
Q
“Ticking of a clock” represents what EMG finding?
A
Fibrillation potential (acute denervation)
23
Q
Neuropathic causes of Fibrillation Potentials
A
Radiculopathies, plexopathies, peripheral neuropathies
24
Q
Myopathic causes of fibrillation potentials:
A
Inflammation, dystrophies
25
Positive Sharp Waves on EMG
Acute denervation
26
"Raindrops on a tin roof."
Fasciculations
27
What do fasciculations represent?
Random discharging of AP's for an entire motor unit
28
Causes of fasciculations
ALS, benign fasciculation syndrome, axonal peripheral neuropathies
29
"Jackhammer" sound
Complex Repetitive Discharges (MUAP groups), non-specific
30
"Dive Bomber" sound
Myotonia
31
"Marching Soldiers"
Myokymia
32
Causes of myokymia
Radiation, Compression, MS
33
Increased MUAP Amplitude
Neurogenic - caused by simulatneous firing of fast/slow fibers
34
Decrease MUAP Amplitude
Myogenic - caused by decreased muscle response to stimulus *
35
Polyphasic MUAP's
Neurogenic
36
What does increased recruitment ratio mean?
Decreased recruitment (higher frequency firing before recruiting new motor units)
37
What might cause decreased recruitment?
Conduction block or axonal problem
38
What does EMG look like in poor activation
pattern and frequency normal, few motor units
39
What does rapid recruitment signify on EMG
Myogenic process
40
Deltoid - nerve root
C5
41
Deltoid named nerve
Axillary
42
Triceps - nerve root
C7
43
Triceps named nerve
Radial
44
Biceps - nerve root
C6
45
Biceps - named nerve
Musculocutaneous
46
First dorsal interosseous - nerve root
C8
47
First dorsal interosseous - named nerve
Ulnar
48
Abductor pollicis brevis - nerve root
T1
49
Abductor pollicis brevis - named nerve
Median
50
Iliopsoas - nerve root
L2/3
51
Iliopsoas named nerve
Partial femoral
52
Vastus medialis
L4
53
Vastus medialis - named nerve
Femoral
54
Tibials anterior - nerve root
L5
55
Tibilais anterior - named nerve
deep peroneal
56
Extensor hallucis longus - nerve root
L5
57
Extensor hallucis longus - named nerve
Deep peroneal
58
Gastrocnemius - nerve root
S1
59
Gastrocnemius - named nerve
Tibial
60
Semitendinosis - nerve root
S1
61
Semitendinosis- named nerve
Sciatic nerve
62
Brachioradialis - nerve root
C6
63
Brachioradialis - named nerve
Radial
64
Extensor carpi ulnaris - nerve root
C7
65
Extensor carpi ulnaris - named nerve
Posterior interosseus
66
Extensor digitorum - nerve root
C7
67
Extensor digitorum - named nerve
Posterior interosseus
68
Abductor pollicis longus - nerve root
C7 C8
69
Abductor pollicis longus - named nerve
Posterior interosseus
70
Extensor pollicis longus - nerve root
C7
71
Extensor pollicis longus - named nerve
Posterior interosseus
72
Extensor pollicis brevis - root
C7 (C8)
73
Extensor pollicis brevis - named nerve
Posterior interosseus
74
Median nerve targets (12)
```
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorium superficialis
Pronator quadratus
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Lumbricals 1-2
Flexor digitorium profundus 1-2
Flexor pollicis longus
Sensory to anterior hand 1-3
```
75
Anterior interosseus targets
Flexor digitorum profundus (1-2)
| Flexor pollicis longus
76
Abductor pollicis brevis - nerve root
T1
77
Abductor pollicis brevis - named nerve
Median
78
Flexor pollicis longus - nerve root
C8
79
Flexor pollicis longus - named nerve
Anterior interosseus
80
Axillary nerve roots
C5
81
Musculocutaneous roots
C5, C6
82
Radial nerve roots
C5-C8
83
Posterior interosseous targets
```
supinator
extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor indicis
```
84
Posterior interosseus roots
C7 (some C6 and C8)
85
Median nerve roots
C6-T1
86
Ulnar nerve roots
C8, T1
87
Anterior interosseus roots
C7-C8
88
Ulnar nerve targets
```
Flexor digitorum profundus (3-4)
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor pollicis brevis
Hypothenar muscles
Adductor pollicis
Palmar interossei
Dorsal interossei
Lumbricals 3-4
```
89
Femoral nerve roots
L1-L4
90
Obdurator nerve roots
L2-L4
91
Superior gluteal nerve roots
L4-S1
92
Inferior gluteal nerve roots
L5-S2
93
Sciatic nerve roots
L4-S2
94
Common peroneal
L5-S1 (Small L4, tib ant)
95
Shoulder abduction root
C5
96
Elbow flexion root
C5,6
97
Elbow extension root
C7
98
Radial wrist flexion root
C6
99
Finger extension root
C7
100
Finger flexion - root
C8
101
Finger abduction - root
T1
102
Hip flexion root
L1/L2
103
Hip adduction root
L2/L3
104
Hip extension root
L5,S1
105
Knee flexion root
S1
106
Knee extension root
L3/4
107
Ankle dorsiflexion root
L4
108
Ankle plantar flexion root
S1
109
Ankle eversion
L5/S1
110
Shoulder abduction - named nerve
Axillary
111
Elbow flexion - named nerve
Musculocutaneous
112
Elbow extension - named nerve
Radial
113
Finger extension - named nerve
Posterior interosseus
114
Finger flexion - named nerve
Anterior interosseus (median and ulnar help)
115
Finger abduction - named nerve
Ulnar nerve (some median)
116
Hip adduction - named nerve
Obdurator
117
Hip extension - named nerve
Sciatic
118
Knee flexion - named nerve
Sciatic
119
Knee extension - named nerve
Femoral
120
Ankle dorsiflexion - named nerve
Deep peroneal
121
Ankle plantar flexion - named nerve
Tibial
122
Ankle eversion - named nerve
Superficial peroneal
123
Big toe extension - named nerve
Deep peroneal
124
Roots responsible for lateral arm and thumb sensation
C5/C6
125
Roots responsible for medial arm and pinky sensation
C8,T1
126
Medial forearm innervation - named nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
127
Anterior and lateral hand innervation - named nerve
Median
128
Medial hand sensory innervation - named nerve
Ulnar
129
Medial forearm sensory innervation - named nerve
Medial antebrachial cutaneous
130
Anterior lateral thigh sensory innervation - named nerve
Lateral femoral cutaneous
131
Anterior medial thigh, knee and medial shin innervation - named nerve
Femoral nerve
132
Inner thigh innervation - named nerve
Obdurator
133
Posterior thigh innervation - named nerve
posterior cutaneous nerve
134
Lateral shin and foot innervation (including webspace)- named nerve
Common peroneal
135
Lateral shin and foot innervation(spares webspace) - named nerve
Superficial peroneal
136
1-2 Toe webspace sensory - named nerve
Deep Peroneal
137
Lateral foot sensory - named nerve
sural nerve
138
Bottom of foot sensory innervation (including tips of toes)- named nerve
Tibial
