peripheral resistance and blood pressure

Question 1

Q proportional to

Answer 1

P
pressure gradient

Q= flow

Question 2

Q inversely proportional to

Answer 2

R

resistance

Question 3

Q =

Answer 3

Delta P/R

Question 4

Q =

longer equation

Answer 4

delta P x (Pi r^4)/(8L x n)

n= eta , viscosity of fluid
L, length of vessel
r is radius

Question 5

Q is

Answer 5

flow

CO in L/min

Question 6

P units

Answer 6

mmHg

Question 7

blood flows in what direction

Answer 7

high to low pressure

Question 8

BP=

Answer 8

CO x PR

Question 9

flow independent of

Answer 9

absolute pressure
P1
difference in pressure is the important part

Question 10

why doesn’t length control blood flow in the body

Answer 10

it is constant

length of vessels doesn’t change

Question 11

longer tube

Answer 11

more resistance, less flow

Question 12

higher viscosity

Answer 12

more resistance, less flow

Question 13

does viscosity control blood flow in the body

Answer 13

no, stays constant under physiological conditions

Question 14

why would viscosity increase

Answer 14

dehydration
higher altitude, increased tbc production
EPO increasing

Question 15

what is most important factor in determining flow

Answer 15

radius

Question 16

decr radius

Answer 16

increased friction of fluid against vessel wall

Question 17

reducing radius two fold..

Answer 17

decreases flow 16x

Question 18

how to regulate radius

Answer 18

smooth muscle

Question 19

total peripheral resistance mainly regulated by

Answer 19

arterioles

Question 20

total peripheral resistance is

and determines

Answer 20

sum of resistance in all blood vessels

blood pressure

Question 21

arterioles recap

Answer 21

thin muscular walls

regulate BP and flow to organs

Question 22

largest drop in pressure is within the

Answer 22

arterioles

Question 23

radius in the arterioles determines

Answer 23

blood flow to individual organs

smooth muscle relaxation and contraction controls which organs blood flowing to and how much

Question 24

at rest most blood going to which organ?

Answer 24

abdominal organs

Question 25

canniulation

Answer 25

measures BP not very practical measure pressure with transducer

Question 26

measuring arterial pressure

Answer 26

sphygmomanometer with stethoscope and cuff non invasive

Question 27

korotkoff sounds sequence

Answer 27

no sounds: cuff pressure above systolic pressure. artery shut cuff pressure just below systolic pressure: first sounds, soft tapping, intermittent sounds loud, tapping and intermittent low muffled sound lasting continuously cuff pressure below diastolic pressure , this vessel always open, no sound this is as cuff pressure decreases

Question 28

high cuff pressure

Answer 28

no sounds, artery is closed

Question 29

middle cuff pressure

Answer 29

sounds heard | artery opening and closing

Question 30

low cuff pressure

Answer 30

no sounds | artery open

Question 31

where should the cuff be

Answer 31

at level of the heart

Question 32

pulse

Answer 32

vibration of arteries caused by ejection of blood from the heart from left ventricle

Question 33

2 places you can feel your pulse

Answer 33

``` radial artery (wrist) cartoid artery ( neck) ```

Question 34

pulse pressur

Answer 34

difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 35

mean pressure

Answer 35

average pressure over the cycle | as diastole twice as long

Question 36

how is MAP often measured

Answer 36

DP + 1/3 PP (pulse pressure)

Question 37

is bp influenced by height

Answer 37

yes

Question 38

Pressure difference =

Answer 38

height x density x gravity | height most important because density and gravity stay same

Question 39

standing

Answer 39

``` increased pressure of MAP in legs lead to pooling of blood in the veins feet swelling on flights pressure in head lower than feet fainting ```

Question 40

flat

Answer 40

pressure in head almost same as feet

Question 41

hypertension

Answer 41

high bp | often don’t know cause

Question 42

high bp can lead to

Answer 42

heart attack: rupturing of coronary arteries stroke : rupturing of blood vessels to brain kidney failure, heart failure