Peritoneum

Question 1

What can cause peritonitis?

Answer 1

Bacteria (from ascites or another organ ruptured)
Bile
Acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis
Foreign material
Endometriosis

Question 2

What is the most common cause of ascites?

Answer 2

Cirrhosis with portal hypertension is the most common cause of ascites

Question 3

Besides cirrhosis w/ portal HTN, what else can cause ascites?

Answer 3

Cancer
Heart failure
TB
Dialysis
Pancreatic cancer

Question 4

What is the most common complication of ascites?

Answer 4

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is the most common complication of ascites

Question 5

What is SAAG?

Answer 5

Serum Ascites-Albumin Gradient…used to aid in diagnosing cause of ascites

Question 6

What causes of ascites would have a SAAG less than 1.1mg/dL?

Answer 6

Malignancy
TB
Pancreatitis
Nephrotic syndrome

Question 7

What causes of ascites would have a SAAG greater than/equal to 1.1mg/dL?

Answer 7

Cirrhosis
Hepatic metastases
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Cardiac disease myxedema

Question 8

What are the two most common metastatic tumors that cause malignant ascites?

Answer 8

Ovarian cancer and pancreatic cancer are the two most common causes of malignant ascites

Question 9

What is idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis? What might it be a manifestation of?

Answer 9

Dense fibrosing process –> uretral obstruction –> renal failure

May be a manifestation of IgG4-related disease