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trauma > permanent tooth trauma > Flashcards

permanent tooth trauma Flashcards

1
Q

How many 15 year olds are missing a tooth due to trauma?

A

1 in 100

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2
Q

Why is it essential our notes are accurate and comprehensive?

A

Because cases are often associated with police reports and medico-legal reports/compensation claims.

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3
Q

The peak age for primary tooth trauma is between 2 and 4. What is this age range for permanent dentition?

A

Between 7 and 10 years old.

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4
Q

Why is trauma to permanent dentition a problem between 7-10 years old?

A

The tooth root is still developing.

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5
Q

What are 2 examples of medical factors which may lead to an increased susceptibility to trauma in permanent dentition?

A
  1. Seizures
  2. Susceptible to falls.
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6
Q

For the prevention of dental trauma, a mouthguard may be recommended if the child plays sports such as rugby.
Name 3 types you could recommend?

A
  1. Stock
  2. Boil and Bite
  3. Custom Made - provides superior protection.
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7
Q

Mouthguards can be made in all different colours for a patient. What kind of material is used to make a mouthguard?

A

Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA)

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8
Q

Ideally what kind of thickness is needed in a mouthguard to protect tissues?

A

3-4mm thickness

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9
Q

To which tooth should a mouthguard extend back to?

A

First permanent molars.

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10
Q

How far should the labial flange extend above the gingival margin?

A

2mm

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11
Q

Why should the labial flange extend 2mm above the gingival margin?

A

To provide cushioning and dissipation of force upon impact.

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12
Q

In order to enclose the anterior hard palate, how far should the mouthguard extend above the gingival margin?

A

10mm

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13
Q

When a person presents with trauma, which 5 aspects of RMH should particularly be considered?

A
  1. Does the patient have a condition where there is an infection risk?
  2. Does the patient have a condition which may impact compliance?
  3. Any bleeding disorders?
  4. Allergies?
  5. Tetanus state.

decides if this patient needs medical attention

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14
Q

Before viewing the oral cavity, what is it important to do first so you are able to view all injuries?

A

Clean the face and oral cavity with water or saline.

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15
Q

When completing the dental trauma chart for PERMANENT dentition, can sensibility testing be included?

A

Yes as sensibility tests are more reliable in permanent teeth.

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16
Q

When listening to percussion sound, what should be expected?

A

Dull sound.

17
Q

When testing percussion sound, if this is extremely dull what might this be indicative of?

A

Inflammatory resorption processes.

18
Q

If on tapping the tooth a high pitched sound can be heard, what might this be indicative of?

A

Loss of PDL so loss of cushioning around the tooth.

19
Q

What is the purpose of splinting following trauma?

A

To reduce pathological movement or further trauma during the healing period.

20
Q

What is an enamel infraction?

A

A crack in the enamel without loss of tooth structure.

21
Q

Will symptoms be present in an enamel infraction?

A

No but the crack may stain.

22
Q

What is an enamel fracture?

A

Loss of a small amount of enamel.

23
Q

In the event of an uncomplicated crown fracture involving enamel and dentine, what should be done with the missing fragment?

A

Locate and reattach where possible.

24
Q

If the pulp is exposed in an immature tooth crown fracture, what is indicated?

A

Partial pulpotomy (removing 3mm of inflamed pulp) or pulp capping.

25
Q

If a mature tooth suffers a crown fracture exposing the pulp, what is indicated?

A

Partial pulpotomy using non-setting CaOH or calcium silicate cements.

26
Q

What is usually observed in an alveolar bone fracture?

A

Several teeth moving together.

27
Q

Is it more common for a mature or immature tooth to become non-vital following lateral luxation?

A

Mature tooth - RCT indicated.

28
Q

Steps to follow in the event of an avulsed permanent tooth:

A
  1. Find the tooth.
  2. Pick it up BY THE CROWN.
  3. Rinse with milk, water or the pts saliva if dirty.
  4. Immediately re-implant into the socket.
  5. Pt should bite on a handkerchief or t-shirt to hold in place.
  6. If unable to re-implant, avoid dehydration by storing in pts saliva, milk or saline.
  7. Note time of injury and see a dentist.
29
Q

How should a tooth be picked up following avulsion?

A

By the crown.

30
Q

3 steps in treating an avulsed tooth:

A
  1. Reposition
  2. Confirm Position
  3. Splint for 2 weeks
31
Q

How long should an avulsed tooth be splinted for?

A

2 weeks

32
Q

In a mature tooth, what pulpal action should be taken within 7-10 days following an avulsion?

A

RCT

33
Q

Post injury advice following trauma:

A
  1. Attend and comply with follow up care.
  2. Avoid participation in contact sports.
  3. Avoid parafunctional habits (chewing pens etc.)
  4. Brush teeth after each meal.
  5. Soft diet for 2 weeks and resume normal diet asap.
  6. Use chlorhexidine x2 day for a week.

trauma (8 decks)

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