Persian Wars - Important Places in the Greek World

Question 1

Persia

Answer 1

Small state located in modern day Iran, created a massive empire

Question 2

Egypt

Answer 2

Part of the Persian empire under Cambyses, very wealthy

Question 3

Lydia

Answer 3

Became part of the Persian empire under Cyrus - modern day Turkey

Question 4

Sardis

Answer 4

City burned by the Greeks and Ionians in the Ionian revolt

Question 5

Thrace

Answer 5

Became part of the Persian empire in 513 BCE

Question 6

Scythia

Answer 6

Area not conquered by the Persians (under Darius) because they ran away, area north of Thrace

Question 7

Ionia

Answer 7

On the coast, part of the Persian empire but the people have Athenian origins - tried to revolt in 499 BCE

Question 8

Naxos

Answer 8

Island in the Aegean sea that Persian may have wanted as a base, involved in the Ionian revolt

Question 9

Aegean Sea

Answer 9

Sea between Greece and the Persian Empire

Question 10

Eretria

Answer 10

Small city on the island of Euboea, near Greece that sent 5 ships to the Ionian revolt, destroyed by the Persians prior to the Battle of Marathon

Question 11

Euboea

Answer 11

Large, long island just off Greek mainland, Eretria is on this island

Question 12

Athos

Answer 12

Where the ships of Mardonius’ failed 492 BCE expedition were lost in a storm

Question 13

Brygi

Answer 13

Tribe that attacked Mardonius’ failed 492 BC expedition

Question 14

Aegina

Answer 14

Island off Greek mainland not far from Athens; traditional enemy of Athens

Question 15

Attica

Answer 15

Territory of Athens - similar to a state

Question 16

Athens

Answer 16

Major city in Greece, started democracy, becomes a naval power

Question 17

Laurium

Answer 17

Place where silver mine was found that allowed Athens to build a navy

Question 18

Laconia

Answer 18

Territory of Sparta - similar to a state

Question 19

Sparta

Answer 19

Major city in Greece, military state, governed by an oligarchy

Question 20

Peloponnese

Answer 20

Area of Southern Greece, richest land in Greece

Question 21

Plataea

Answer 21

Small city in central Greece, ally of Athens, helped them in the Battle of Marathon

Question 22

Marathon

Answer 22

Place where the major battle took place in 490 BC, has a beach, open plains, marshes to the north, hill and scattered trees to the south

Question 23

Phalarium

Answer 23

Original harbour of the Athenians

Question 24

Piraeus

Answer 24

New fortified harbour of the Athenians

Question 25

Thessaly

Answer 25

In northern Greece, submitted to the Persians after the Greeks withdrew in 480 BC because they could not hold it

Question 26

Vale of Tempe

Answer 26

First place in Thesssaly the Greeks were going to try and defend in 480 BC

Question 27

Thermopylae

Answer 27

First land battle in the second invasion. 480 BC Persian victory as they encircled the Spartans after going around the mountains on a goat track

Question 28

Artemisia

Answer 28

Place of first naval battle in the second invasion 480 BC. Battle indecisive but Greeks were the first to withdraw. Happened same day as Thermopylae

Question 29

Isthmus of Corinth

Answer 29

Narrow land bridge that joins central Greece with the Peloponnese (southern Greece) where the Peloponnesians wanted to build a wall to defend against the Persian attack

Question 30

Salamis

Answer 30

Island off the coast of Attica where a major naval battle occurred in 480 BC, victory to the Greeks. Turning point in the war

Question 31

Phocis

Answer 31

Territory near Thermopylae - its people helped guard the pass and was later destroyed by Xerxes' army

Question 32

Thebes

Answer 32

Central Greek town involved in the Battle of Thermopylae on the Greek side against their will (hostages) - went over to the Persians near the end of the battle

Question 33

Delphi

Answer 33

Place where the Greek Oracle resides. Oracle told the Athenians to "trust in the wooden walls" and "Divine Salamis" also told the Spartans that one of their kings must die if they (the Spartans) are to have victory

Question 34

Acropolis

Answer 34

Religious precinct in Athens on top of a hill cliff, temples here. Burnt by Xerxes in revenge for the burning of Sardis (?)