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Religion Revision > Personal And Family Issues > Flashcards

Personal And Family Issues Flashcards

1
Q

Pre marital sex

A

Christian’s believe that sexual intercourse is a sacred act and should only take place in a committed relationship. Christian’s believe all people who are married should be chaste and the main Christian churches agree with this.

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2
Q

Church teachings on pre marital sex - Presbyterian church.

A

‘Ideally god meant sex to be enjoyed in the context of full commitment in marriage. It is the physical expression of the deeper reality of two becoming one in the marriage.’

Explanation - people shouldn’t have a sexual history before marriage.

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3
Q

Church teachings on pre marital sex - the church of Ireland.

A

‘ we believe that human sexuality is a wonderful grift from god and, at a time in life when they are most aware of this gift, we should urge that young people question any behavior that devalues this gift, or which hinders its fulfillment in the context of marriage.’

Explanation - to not waste the gift.

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4
Q

What does ethics refer to?

A

It refers to how we make our decisions on what is right and wrong

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5
Q

What influences our decisions on what is morally and ethically right and wrong?

A

Family
Friends
The Bible
Community
The media
Church
Education/school
Conscience

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6
Q

Chastity

A

The act of never having sex (abstaining from sex)

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7
Q

Civil partnership

A

A same sex couple register as civil partners of each other.

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8
Q

Heterosexual relationship

A

A relationship between a man’s and a woman.

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9
Q

Homosexual

A

A relationship where two individuals of the same gender are sexually attracted to each other.

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10
Q

Pre-marital sex

A

Engaging in sexual intercourse before marriage.

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11
Q

Lesbian

A

A woman who has same sex relations

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12
Q

Celibate

A

Abstaining from marriage

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13
Q

Who created sex

A

God

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14
Q

Who is sex designed for

A

Married couples

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15
Q

What is the purpose of sex?

A

To have babies and for pleasure.

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16
Q

In what context should sex be experienced

A

Within a marriage.

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17
Q

Reasons for marital sex (for)

A

Sex can be a healthy aspect to a relationship that can bring a couple closer together; it can show love and commitment.

The desire to have sex is natural an it is a pleasurable act that couples should be able to enjoy
In today’s society, it is acceptable and more common for couples to cohabitate (live together) and have a sexual relationship.

Many couples do not see marriage as necessary; they have no intention or desire to get married, but are in love and still want to spend the rest of their lives together.

This could lead to a more stable marriage in the future.

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18
Q

Reasons against marital sex

A

Monogamous heterosexual marriage is still the best defence against sexually transmitted diseases’ Presbyterian Church

The Bible teaches sex is a sacred act and a gift from God that should only take place within committed marriage relationship that is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united with his wife and they become one’
Gen 2:24
Risk of emotional hurt. If the relationship ends, they can be left feeling devalued and used.

‘Fornication... is gravely contrary to the dignity of persons and of human sexuality’ Catholic Church

Prevents unwanted pregnancy

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19
Q

Why do people live single lives?

A

Death of partner
Don’t wish to become involved with anyone else

Divorced
Too hurt
Unfair on other children

Still looking for the right person

Devote themselves to God and the service of others, as Christ did

Catholic Church: ‘It ‘enables [priests] to give themselves to God alone with an undivided heart in a remarkable manner’

The Church is their family – no distractions

They are nuns or priests.

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20
Q

The Christian clergy and marriage

A

􏰀 The Christian Church has contrasting opinions about marriage for the clergy.
􏰀 Clerical marriage is an accepted practice in the protestant denominations and many ministers/pastors have families as well as being responsible for their congregations.

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21
Q

Why does the Catholic Church recommend priests remain single?

A

The Catholic Church recommends that priests should
remain single because it…
“enables them to give themselves to God alone with an undivided heart in a remarkable manner”

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22
Q

Different Christian attitudes of priest marriage?

A

Orthodox Churches
Priest can marry, but Married priests cannot become bishops

Catholic Church
The normal rule is neither priests or Bishops can marry

Protestant Churches
Allow priests to marry

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23
Q

Should catholic priests celibate? Yes?

A

Being celibate sets priests apart from the rest of society. You know they must really be committed to God because of the sacrifice they make.

St Paul recommended celibacy as the best way of living.

Celibacy can be seen as a gift that helps priests deepen their relationship with God

Priestly work is very demanding, perhaps easier for someone with no family commitments.

Married priests raises more questions – inevitable divorce, inheritance, confession, marrying non Catholic.

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24
Q

Should catholic priests celibate?

A

In Protestant denominations ministers and pastors are allowed to marry. They are still respected men of God.

Some think that sexual impulse is strong and it can be damaging to inhibit it

Some feel that married priests can bring the experience of marriage to benefit their ministry.

The Bible does not say that the clergy should not marry.

For the first 1000 years of Christianity priests were allowed to marry. Celibacy of priests is Church Discipline, not Church Doctrine.

At least one of the apostles (Peter – for Catholics, the first Pope) was married.

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25
Q

Same sex relations

A

� A same-sex relationship is one where two men are attracted to each other or two women are attracted to each other. This is also known as a homosexual or gay relationship.
� Some people are sexually attracted to both men and women. They are called bisexual.
� In 2009, the age of homosexual consent in Northern Ireland was lowered to 16.

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26
Q

Christian attitudes towards same-sex relations

A

� Christian viewpoints on same-sex re􏰀lationships vary from outright condemnation to complete acceptance.
� Some Christians condemn same-sex relationships and point to Paul’s writings in the NT:
“…the wicked will not possess God’s Kingdom…people who are immoral…adulterers or homosexual…”

Explanation - if you’re gay you cannot get into the kingdom of god.

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27
Q

The lesbian and gay Christian movement.

A

� The LGCM campaigns for full equality for homosexuals
within the Church.
� They support gay marriage and gay marriage rights.
� They believe gay ministers/priests should be allowed to live full lives, including loving, committed, sexual relationships.

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28
Q

The Catholic Churches opinions on lesbian and gay communities

A

Being homosexual is not a sin. – “men and women who have deep-seated tendencies…must be accepted with respect, compassion and sensitivity

Homosexual relationships are a sin – “homosexual acts are intrinsically disordered”

Homosexuals should be chaste. – “homosexual
persons are called to chastity…”
The sacraments of the Church will help them do this.

Homophobia is condemned – “unjust
discrimination…should be avoided…”0

29
Q

Why do Christian’s have this opinion on the gays and lesbians?

A

� The Bible condemns homosexual activity.
� Sex should be creative as well as unitive. It is not possible for homosexuals to have creative sex.
� It is the teaching of the Magisterium found in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which Catholics should believe.
� People cannot help their sexual orientation but they can control their sexual behaviour.

30
Q

What are the arguments against the catholic point of view?

A

� If sex should always be creative, then is sex for an infertile couple wrong?
� What about a woman who has reached menopause and is no longer physically able to have a baby?
� Gay couples can now have families, through adoption, surrogacy or artificial insemination – could that be seen as a creative element in the relationship?

31
Q

What is the Anglican churches opinion on homosexuality?

A

Lambeth Conference 1998: Homosexual acts are “incompatible with Scripture.”

2003: C of E was prepared to appoint Jeffrey John as bishop - a priest living in celibate domestic partnership with a man.

Many C of I parishes, especially in Northern Ireland, are opposed to homosexual practice.

32
Q

The Presbyterian churches opinions on homosexuality?

A

� Many teenagers experience same-sex attractions - many do
not linger - part of sexual development.
� Young people feel confused about their sexuality. This can be down to upbringing and the promotion of alternative sexualities in our culture today.
� Young people need help to understand insecurities and self acceptance before they can come to terms to their sexual identity.

33
Q

What is the evangelical opinion on homosexuality?

A
  • Homosexuality is a sin.
  • Prayer can give homosexuals the power of the Holy Spirit to change their sexual preference (orientation).
34
Q

Why do the evangelicals have this opinion on homosexuality?

A

� The Bible is the direct word of God and as the Bible condemns homosexuality,
it must be wrong.
� The salvation of Christ can remove all sins, including homosexuality.
� All churches have taught this, even ones that now say homosexuality is acceptable.

However, the Evangelical Alliance has recently made this statement: 􏰀
“AT THE SAME TIME WE UTTERLY REPUDIATE HOMOPHOBIA AND CALL UPON CHURCHES TO WELCOME THOSE OF A HOMOSEXUAL ORIENTATION AS THEY WOULD WELCOME ANY OTHER PERSON.”
Can this be possible, bearing in mind the Church’s teaching about homosexuality?

35
Q

Why do the evangelicals have this opinion on homosexuality?

A

� The Bible is the direct word of God and as the Bible condemns homosexuality,
it must be wrong.
� The salvation of Christ can remove all sins, including homosexuality.
� All churches have taught this, even ones that now say homosexuality is acceptable.

However, the Evangelical Alliance has recently made this statement: 􏰀
“AT THE SAME TIME WE UTTERLY REPUDIATE HOMOPHOBIA AND CALL UPON CHURCHES TO WELCOME THOSE OF A HOMOSEXUAL ORIENTATION AS THEY WOULD WELCOME ANY OTHER PERSON.”
Can this be possible, bearing in mind the Church’s teaching about homosexuality?

36
Q

What is marriage?

A

� Marriage is a social, religious and spiritual union of
individual people.
� The ceremony that marks the beginning of a marriage is usually called a wedding.
� When you think of a wedding you may imagine a chuch wedding. However, there are other destinations that many people opt for. Can you think of any?
� The Catholic Church does not recognise a marriage that takes place outside the church.

37
Q

Name places where a couple might get married?

A

Church
Beach
Hotel
City hall
Important place to the couple
Abroad

38
Q

Why people choose to get married?

A

To get a visa.
To show their love for each other
Tradition
For money
Can’t have sex before married
Religious belief
To please parents
Arranged marriage

39
Q

Bible teachings on marriage

A

“Then the Lord God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man…That is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united to his wife, and they become one flesh.” - Marriage is sacred. God created marriage and intends man and woman to become one through marriage.

“You shall not commit adultery.” - Marriage should be exclusive - between one man and one woman.

“The husband should fulfill his marital duty to his wife, and likewise the wife to her husband. The wife does not have authority over her own body but yields it to her husband. In the same way, the husband does…” - Marriage involves give and take.
Partners should be prepared to put each other’s life before their own.

“Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her…each one of you also must love his wife as he loves himself, and the wife must respect her husband.” - Marriage should be built on love and respect. The love between a man and a woman should be compared to the love that Christ has for the Church.

40
Q

The Christian wedding ceremony o

A
  1. Introduction and declaration of purpose - short homily on the importance and purpose of marriage.
  2. The vows - required by law and most couples say:
    “To have and to hold from this day forward; for better, for worse; for richer, for poorer; in sickness and in health; till death do us part.”
  3. Exchange of rings - symbol of unending love and exclusive commitment.
  4. Warning - “Man must not separate, then, what God has joined together.”
  5. Pronouncement that the couple are now married.
  6. Signing of the register - a legal document which the couple and witnesses sign. Then they receive a marriage certificate.
41
Q

‘The Christian idea of marriage for life is no longer possible’ - agree

A

• Divorce is becoming increasingly common nowadays so many people would agree that the idea of marriage for life is unrealistic.
• People live a lot longer than in the past; if a couple marry in their twenties, they may have at least sixty years to spend together and people can change.
• Some couples nowadays prefer not to marry at all and live together without getting married.
• For some couples, the pressures of everyday living may place too much strain on the marriage. These may include debt, unemployment or bereavement.
• The media and society also seem to reinforce the idea that the Christian teaching on marriage is outdated. Divorce is often seen as acceptable, or even inevitable.

42
Q

‘The christian idea of marriage for life is no longer possible’ - disagree.

A

• Many marriages today are happy and successful and there is no reason why marriage for life should be no longer considered appropriate.
• Marriage is a commitment and with effort put into the relationship, there is no reason why it should not be life long.
• The couple need to have realistic expectations of marriage, and of each other, and also make sure right from the start that they are getting married for the right reasons.
• The Bible teaches that marriage should be permanent and this should be taken seriously by all Christian couples. Jesus said “What God has joined man must not separate”.
• Many marriages are long-lasting and we should focus on these rather than divorce statistics.

43
Q

Same sex marriage

A

� In England and Wales, the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 was passed on 17 July 2013, and the first marriages of same-sex couples took place on Saturday 29 March 2014.

“The Government believes that opening up marriage to all couples demonstrates society’s respect for all individuals, regardless of their sexuality, making our society fairer and more inclusive for all its members.”

44
Q

Northern Ireland and same sex marriage.

A

� Legalised on January 13th 2020. The first marriage took place on 11th February 2020.

� Gay marriage can now be carried out in a religious place of worship but Churches can refuse to carry out a marriage if they do not agree with it.

45
Q

Church teachings on marriage

A

Catholic Church
Sacred - established by the creator, god is the author of marriage.
To have children - children are the supreme gift of marriage.

Presbyterian church
Sacred - we believe in the sanctity of marriage, marriage was created by god
Permanent - life long partnership.
Exclusive - absolute faithfulness, only legitimate form of marriage is between man and woman.

Methodist church
Sacred -by the help of god, this love grows and deepens.
Permanent- life long union in mind, body and spirit. Permanence in the union is essential.
Exclusive - one man and one woman.
To have children - two fold purpose - fellowship and parenthood.

Church of Ireland
To have children - one of the functions of marriage is to provide a stable family unit in which children can be born and nurtured.

46
Q

Do you think people with little or no Christian faith should be allowed to get married in a Church? Yes!

A

� God welcomes everyone and therefore everyone should be allowed to get married in a church –
omnibenevolent.
� Although the couple may not have a faith, it could encourage them to have faith. The priest/minister speaks about the Christian purpose of marriage in the ceremony.
� Although the couple may not have faith, their parents may be strong believers and it would be important to them – tradition.
� If a couple get married in a church, they are more likely to have their children baptised too. This would mean strong links with a church and could encourage them to attend.
� Many churches require those wishing to get married to attend wedding-preparation classes. This may make a couple stronger and more able to work through difficulties and so cut the number of divorces

47
Q

Do you think people with little or no Christian faith should be allowed to get married in a Church? No!

A

� The vows – promises before God – will become meaningless.
� It is not enough to want to get married in Church for tradition or nice pictures – Church weddings are for people with a Christian faith, as it is a house of prayer.
� The religious elements, such as the readings and prayers will mean nothing to them.
� If the couple do not have a Christian faith, it could be offensive to those of a
Christian faith to allow them to marry in a Church ceremony.
� There are alternatives for people with no Christian faith when it comes to marriage – they can get married in a civil reception at a town hall or in a hotel.

48
Q

Marriage statistics in Northern Ireland

A

� In the Marriage Act 1836 and the Registration Act 1836 came into force in England and Wales, and provided the statutory basis for regulating and recording marriages.
� The Marriage (Northern Ireland) Order 2003 provided a greater choice of marriage venues and types of ceremony available, and made the preliminaries to a marriage the same for everyone.

49
Q

The benefits of marriage?

A

� Getting married is said to be linked to economic and health benefits, with married people having better physical and mental health, as well as living longer.
� You might think that people get married simply because they fall in love and want to be together forever but people get married for a number of reasons but there are other benefits to marriage…

50
Q

Social benefits of getting married.

A

Social: Marriage provides companionship - someone to share a lfe with.

51
Q

Emotional benefits of being married

A

Emotional: Marriage provides emotional support. People may feel wanted, cared for and understood as a result of being in a binding relationship - someone to turn to, share problems and reduce stress.

52
Q

Financial benefits of marriage

A

Financial: Married couples can share living expenses and mortgages. In some countries married couples have tax benefits that unmarried couples cannot avail of

53
Q

What problems do marriages face?

A

Money problems
Loss of jobs
Alcohol/drug abuse
False hopes
Lack of communication
Child abuse
Infertility
Bereavement
Children
Health problems
Domestic violence
Health problems
Sexual problems

54
Q

Marital problems statistics in Northern Ireland

A

In Northern Ireland it is estimated that one in three marriages end in separation or divorce.

In 2015 there were 2360 divorces granted in Northern Ireland

55
Q

How can a troubled marriage be saved?

A

� Christians believe that it is important to avoid a separation.
� All churches agree that counselling is vital.
� Organisations exist to help couples who experience difficulties in their marriage:

56
Q

Marriage counseling support - Relate

A

� Offers a range of relationship services that can help with a
number of relationship issues.
� People find that the organisation helps them to understand difficulties in their relationships and to change things for the better, or to prevent small problems becoming bigger by talking about them.

57
Q

The work of the organization Accord

A

� This is the Catholic Marriage Counseling Service.
� Christian organisation, based on Catholic principles.
� Helps couples and individuals to explore, reflect upon and resolve difficulties in their marriage and relationship.

58
Q

Divorce

A

The Matrimonial Causes (NI) Order 1978 states that to get a divorce a person has to satisfy the courts that they marriage has irretrievably broken down and that ONE of the following grounds exist:
� 1) Adultery – by the other party
� 2) Behaviour – makes it unreasonable for couple to stay together
� 3) Desertion – for two years
� 4) Separation & consent – lived apart for 2 years and the other party consents for divorce
� 5) Five year separation – the parties have lived apart for 5 years.

In many cases, despite attempts at trying to stay together, some couples admit that the only way forward for them is to get divorced.

59
Q

Who is affected by divorce

A

The parents
The children
The grandparents

60
Q

How do children suffer from divorce?

A

Confusion Loyalties – feeling torn between two
parents
•Grief
•Losing out on contact with one parent, experience feelings of loss and sadness- similar to bereavement.
•Behaviour – Anger and upset can lead to poor behaviour, eating disorders etc. All of which are symptoms of stress

61
Q

The Catholic Church on children in divorce.

A

“Divorce is immoral also because it introduces disorder into the family and into society. This disorder brings grave harm to the deserted spouse, to children traumatised by the separation of their parents and often torn between them, and because of its contagious effect which makes it truly a plague on society.”
(Catechism of the Catholic Church)

62
Q

How do parents suffer from divorce?

A

Fear over what lies ahead
•Worried about money •Loneliness & depression
Stress of looking after children on their own
Lack of support from in-laws

63
Q

What does the Bible say about divorce?

A

Matthew 19:6 – “So they are no longer two, but one. Therefore what God has joined together, let man not separate.”
According to the Bible, God’s plan is for marriage to be a LIFELONG and PERMANENT commitment.
Malachi 2:16 – “’I hate divorce,’ says the Lord God of Israel.”
The Old Testament prophet Malachi clearly states God’s opinion on divorce

64
Q

Church teachings on family values

A

Christian parents believe it is their duty to bring their children up in the Christian faith. All Christian churches agree that it is important for parents to teach their children right from wrong, discipline their children within reason, and encourage their children to recognise the importance of Christian values.
Catechism of the Catholic church says:
‘The family is the community in which, from childhood, one can learn moral values, begin to honour God and make good use of freedom.’

65
Q

How do parents carry out the church teachings on family values?

A

Parents do this in the following ways…
1. PRAYER – teaching their childrent o pray. This might mean learning the Lord’s prayer, saying grace before meals and praying together as a family.
2. EXAMPLE – children learn by example; this can be bad as well as good. It is up to parents to set a good example for their children to follow, both in what they say and in what they do.
3. SPENDING TIME TOGETHER – this can be something as simple as having one meal together a day, so that family members can talk about what is going on in their lives.
4. TEACHING – Christian parents are encouraged to teach their children the Christian faith. They do this through Bible study in the home or by taking their children to church.
5. BAPTISM– in the Church of Ireland, Catholic, Methodist and Presbyterian churches, parents can choose to have their children baptized as babies. When a child is baptised they are welcomed into the family of the church. It is hoped that when the child is old enough to decide for him/herself that they will choose to follow the Christian faith.

66
Q

Church teachings on family values.

A

Some people believe that Christian church no longer has an impact on the wider society.
While parents may get their children baptized, many do not attend church services on a Sunday. Society has become more secular.
There is also a focus on material goods, technology and other things taking centre stage in people’s lives. It can be difficult for Christian parents to influence the lives of their children with so many distractions.
Music, fashion, social media, reality TV shows, etc, can all shape a young person’s values, attitudes and behaviour.

67
Q

“People live together rather than get married because they are too afraid of commitment.” Agree?

A

People are too afraid to get married in case it ends in divorce, thereby going against Jesus of “Man must not separate what God has joined together.”
Some couples may not wish to commit to social/traditional norms of society and therefore decide not to marry but to live together instead.
Some individuals may have grown up in broken homes, where parents have divorced and this may result in commitment issues – a safer option may be living together.
It is easier to leave your partner if you are not married
Media has normalised divorce within society e.g. people have divorce parties. The inevitability of divorce may result in couples living together instead of marrying

68
Q

“People live together rather than get married because they are too afraid of commitment.” Disagree?

A

Living together can also involve a mortgage and this displays a huge amount of commitment.
People decide to live together as opposed to getting married as they cannot afford the expense of a wedding day. Many couples spend thousands.
Many unmarried couples cohabit and have children. Some believe this shows a much bigger commitment than wedding vows.
Living together can be a good ‘test’ for a couple- like a trial marriage – this is very common in society today.
With the prevalence of divorce, marriage is not a good marker of commitment as people can still end their relationship with relative ease.

Religion Revision (8 decks)

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