Personal Development

Question 1

What are theories in the context of personality?

Answer 1

Theories are explanations and assumptions about personality that require evidence to support their legitimacy.

Question 2

What is Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory focused on?

Answer 2

Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory focuses on childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations that influence personality.

Question 3

What are the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory?

Answer 3

The three levels of awareness are the Conscious Level, the Subconscious/Preconscious Level, and the Unconscious Level.

Question 4

What does the Conscious Level contain?

Answer 4

The Conscious Level contains thoughts that we are currently aware of.

Question 5

What is the Subconscious/Preconscious Level?

Answer 5

The Subconscious/Preconscious Level holds mental elements that are not currently conscious but can be made aware of.

Question 6

What is the Unconscious Level?

Answer 6

The Unconscious Level contains repressed drives and instincts that are difficult to retrieve.

Question 7

What is a Freudian slip?

Answer 7

A Freudian slip is when a person says something different or irrelevant than intended, revealing unconscious content.

Question 8

What are the three parts of the human personality according to Freud?

Answer 8

The three parts are the Id, Ego, and Superego.

Question 9

What does the Id represent?

Answer 9

The Id represents the pleasure principle, seeking immediate satisfaction of wants and needs.

Question 10

What is the function of the Ego?

Answer 10

The Ego is the decision-making component that operates according to the reality principle.

Question 11

What role does the Superego play?

Answer 11

The Superego regulates moral standards and incorporates societal values.

Question 12

What is fixation in Freud’s theory?

Answer 12

Fixation is an obsessive attachment to something that inhibits development.

Question 13

What are the five stages of Freud’s Psychosexual Development?

Answer 13

The five stages are Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital.

Question 14

What is the focus of the Oral stage?

Answer 14

The focus of the Oral stage is oral pleasure through activities like eating and sucking.

Question 15

What is the focus of the Anal stage?

Answer 15

The focus of the Anal stage is pleasure through the anus, including toilet training.

Question 16

What is the focus of the Phallic stage?

Answer 16

The focus of the Phallic stage is pleasure through the genitals.

Question 17

What is the focus of the Latency stage?

Answer 17

The focus of the Latency stage is on developing academic and social skills.

Question 18

What is the focus of the Genital stage?

Answer 18

The focus of the Genital stage is on sexual feelings and relationships.

Question 19

What does Humanism in psychology emphasize?

Answer 19

Humanism emphasizes the positive aspects of human behavior and personal growth.

Question 20

What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 20

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a model that organizes human needs in a pyramid from basic to advanced.

Question 21

What are Physiological Needs?

Answer 21

Physiological Needs are the most basic needs for survival, such as food and water.

Question 22

What are Safety Needs?

Answer 22

Safety Needs refer to physical security and freedom from threats.

Question 23

What are Love and Belongingness needs?

Answer 23

These needs include friendship, family, and the desire to belong to a community.

Question 24

What are Esteem Needs?

Answer 24

Esteem Needs involve the desire for self-esteem and respect from others.

Question 25

What is Self-Actualization?

Answer 25

Self-Actualization is the realization of one's potential and the highest level of human needs.

Question 26

What is the Self-Concept according to Carl Rogers?

Answer 26

The Self-Concept is the organized set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself.

Question 27

What is self-concept according to Carl Rogers?

Answer 27

Self-concept is defined as 'the organized, consistent set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself.'

Question 28

What are the two categories of self according to Rogers?

Answer 28

The two categories of self are the ideal self and the real self.

Question 29

What is the real self?

Answer 29

The real self is a person’s actual perception of traits and abilities.

Question 30

What is the ideal self?

Answer 30

The ideal self is the perception of what a person would like to be or thinks he or she should be.

Question 31

What is congruence in the context of self-concept?

Answer 31

Congruence occurs when the ideal self and the real self are very similar, leading to harmony and contentment.

Question 32

What is incongruence?

Answer 32

Incongruence occurs when there is a mismatch between the ideal self and the real self, leading to anxiety and potential neurotic behavior.

Question 33

How does the parent-child relationship affect self-concept?

Answer 33

The nature of the parent-child relationship can either foster self-actualization or impede personal growth, influencing the individual’s personality and self-concept.

Question 34

What is unconditional positive regard?

Answer 34

Unconditional positive regard is when parents accept and love the child for who they are, without conditions.

Question 35

What happens when a child receives conditional positive regard?

Answer 35

The child develops conditions of worth, feeling valued only when they behave in ways approved by the parents.

Question 36

What is a fully functioning person according to Rogers?

Answer 36

A fully functioning person is someone who is in touch with their experiences, continually growing and changing.

Question 37

What are the five characteristics of a fully functioning person?

Answer 37

1. Open to experience 2. Existential living 3. Trust feelings 4. Creativity 5. Fulfilled life

Question 38

What does it mean to be open to experience?

Answer 38

Being open to experience means accepting both positive and negative emotions and working through negative feelings.

Question 39

What is existential living?

Answer 39

Existential living involves being in touch with experiences as they occur and appreciating the present moment.

Question 40

Why is trusting feelings important?

Answer 40

Trusting feelings means paying attention to instincts and gut reactions, believing one's decisions are the right ones.

Question 41

What role does creativity play in a fully functioning person?

Answer 41

Creativity involves risk-taking and the ability to seek new experiences and adjust to change.

Question 42

What does a fulfilled life entail?

Answer 42

A fulfilled life means being happy and satisfied with life while always looking for new challenges and experiences.