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Flashcards in Personal Identification Deck (37)
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1
Q

Was a French criminologist and anthropologist who
created the first system of physical measurements, photography, and
record-keeping that police could use to identify recidivist criminals.

A

Alphonse Bertillon

2
Q

Fingerprints were used in clay tablets for business

transactions. 1000 - 2000 BC

A

Ancient Babylon

3
Q

the first system of personal identification.

A

Anthropometry

4
Q

Two Indian fingerprint experts credited with primary development of the Henry System of fingerprint classification (named after their supervisor,
Edward Richard Henry).

A

Azizul Haque and Hem Chandra Bose(1897)

5
Q

A system of identification which focuses on the
meticulous measurement and recording of different parts and components
of the human body.

A

Bertillon System

6
Q

It is the examination and thorough study fo the palms of

the human hand as a point indentifying persons.

A

Chiroscopy

7
Q
  1. Approximate center of the pattern

2. It is placed upon or within the innermost sufficient recurve.

A

Core

8
Q
  1. point on a ridge at or nearest to the point of divergence of two typelines and
  2. is located at or directly in front of the point of divergence.
A

Delta

9
Q

he accomplished the first fingerprint file
established in the United States, and the first use of fingerprinting
by a U.S. government agency.

A

Dr. Henry P. DeForrest

10
Q

in 1684, he was the first European to publish

friction ridge skin observations.

A

Dr. Nehemiah Grew

11
Q

the study of the morphological characteristics of

friction ridges; shape or contour of the edges of friction ridges.

A

Edgeoscopy

12
Q

informally referred to as the Sherlock Holmes of France,
he developed the science of poroscopy, the study of fingerprint pores and the impressions produced by these pores. He went on to write that
if 12 specific points were identical between two fingerprints, it would
be sufficient for positive identification. This work led to the use of
fingerprints in identifying criminals being adopted over Bertillon’s
earlier technique of anthropometry.

A

Edmond Locard

13
Q

is an impression of the friction ridge of all or any
part of the finger. Fingerprint ridges are formed during the third
to fourth month of fetal development.

A

Fingerprint

14
Q

He used his thumb print on a document to prevent

forgery. First known use of fingerprints in the U.S.

A

Gilbert Thompson

15
Q

anatomy professor at the University of
Breslau, in 1823, he published his thesis discussing nine fingerprint
patterns but he made no mention of the value of fingerprints for
personal identification.

A

John Evangelist Purkinje

16
Q

In 1892, two boys were brutally murdered in the
village of Necochea, near Buenos Aires, Argentina. Initially,
suspicion fell on a man named Velasquez, a suitor of the children’s
mother, Francisca Rojas. Investigators found a bloody fingerprint at
the crime scene and contacted Juan Vucetich, who was developing a
system of fingerprint identification for police use. Vucetich compared
the fingerprints of Rojas and Velasquez with the bloody fingerprint.
Francisca Rojas had denied touching the bloody bodies, but the
fingerprint matched one of hers. Confronted with the evidence, she
confessed—the first successful use of fingerprint identification in a
murder investigation.

A

Juan Vucetich

17
Q
  1. One or more ridges enter upon either side
  2. Recurve
  3. Touch or pass an imaginary line between delta and core
  4. Pass out or tend to pass out upon the same side the ridges entered.
A

Loop

18
Q

Three Loop Characteristics

A
  1. A sufficient recurve
  2. A Delta
  3. A ridge count across a looping ridge
19
Q

in 1686, an anatomy professor at the University of
Bologna, noted fingerprint ridges, spirals and loops in his treatise.
A layer of skin was named after him; “Malpighi” layer, which is
approximately 1.8mm thick.

A

Marcelo Malpighi -

20
Q

author of the novel Pudd’nhead Wilson where one of the

characters has a hobby of collecting fingerprints.

A

Mark Twain

21
Q

published his observations
that (latent) fingerprints can be developed on paper by iodine fuming,
explaining how to preserve (fix) such developed impressions and
mentioning the potential for identifying suspects’ fingerprints by
use of a magnifying glass.

A

Paul-Jean Coulier - of Val-de-Grâce in Paris

22
Q

refers to the examination of the shape,size and
arrangement of the small opening on friction ridge through which body
fluids are secreted or released.

A

Poroscopy

23
Q

a term coined by Wilder and Wentwrth which refers to the examination of the soles and their significance in personal identification.

A

Podoscopy

24
Q

describes the individualization process of any area of

friction skin using all available detail.

A

Ridgeology

25
Q

Ridge Characteristics

An isolated ridge unit whose length approximates its width in size.

A

Ridge Dots

26
Q

Ridge Characteristics

- The point at which one friction ridge divides into two friction ridges.

A

.Bifurcations

27
Q

Ridge Characteristics

The point at which one friction ridge divides into three friction ridges.

A

Trifurcations

28
Q

Ridge Characteristics
A single friction ridge that terminates within
the friction ridge structure.

A

Ending Ridge

29
Q

Ridge Characteristics

A point where two ridge units intersect.

A

Ridge Crossing

30
Q

Ridge Characteristics

Friction ridges of varying lengths.

A

Short Ridges (Islands)

31
Q

Ridge Characteristics
A bifurcation with one short ridge branching off
a longer ridge.

A

Spurs (Hooks)

32
Q

Ridge Characteristics
A connecting friction ridge between parallel running
ridges, generally right angles.

A

Bridges

33
Q

Ridge Characteristics
A single friction ridge that bifurcates and
rejoins after a short course and continues as a single friction
ridge.

A

Enclosures (Lakes)

34
Q

he was appointed Inspector-General of Police
of Bengal, India in 1891, he developed a system of fingerprint
classification enabling fingerprint records to be organised and searched
with relative ease.

A

Sir Edward Richard Henry

35
Q

He devised a method of classifying fingerprints
that proved useful in forensic science. He pointed out that there were
specific types of fingerprint patterns. He described and classified
them into eight broad categories: 1: plain arch, 2: tented arch,
3: simple loop, 4: central pocket loop, 5: double loop,
6: lateral pocket loop, 7: plain whorl, and 8: accidental

A

Sir Francis Galton

36
Q

his first paper on the subject of fingerprint
was published in the scientific journal Nature in 1880. Examining his
own fingertips and those of friends, he became convinced that the
pattern of ridges was unique to each individual.

A

Sir Henry Faulds

37
Q

was a British officer in India who used

fingerprints for identification on contracts.

A

Sir William James Herschel