Personality

Question 1

What is personailty?

Answer 1

A person’s unique way of thinking, feeling and behaving. It is shaped by experiences.

Question 2

Please be here tomorrow Sarah

What are the personality perspectives?

Answer 2

• Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic (Freud)
• Behavioural (Skinner-operant)
• Humanistic (Rogers)
• Trait (Alport, Eysenck, Costa & McRae)
• Social cognitive (Bandura, Rotter)

Question 3

Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic (Freud)

Answer 3

Developed from Sigmund Freud’s theory which proposes that:
* childhood sexuality and
* unconscious motivations influence personality

Trauma shapes personality
Conscious, Subconscious, Unconscious
ID, Ego, Superego

Stages:
* Oral
* Anal
* Phallic
* Latency
* Genital

Question 4

Humanistic (Rogers)

Answer 4

• genuineness
• acceptance
• empathy

Question 5

Trait (Alport, Eysenck, Costa & McRae)

Answer 5

Views personality as stable and enduring behaviour patterns or traits.
* Allport - Personality = identifiable behaviour patterns
* Eysenck- Genetically influenced eg: If you’re extroverted in one area you will be so in all others
* Costa & McRae- five factor model of personality (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism)

Question 6

Social cognitive (Bandura, Rotter)

Answer 6

• Bandura- Theory of self-efficacy (can do attitude)
• Rotter- Personal control (external and internal locus of control)

Question 7

Exploring the self- Erikson & Marcia

Answer 7

committed or searching for identity

Question 8

Assessment Techniques

Answer 8

▪ Projective Test - provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger inner dynamics
▪ Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) - express inner stories based on ambiguous scenes
▪ Rorschach Inkblot Test- most widely used
* Personality Inventory- Questionnaire to see if personality traits fit the job scope (MMPI/Hathaway).