Personality

Question 1

Who made the psychodynamic perspective

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

Name 6 key ideas of the Psychoanalytic perspective

Answer 2

Behavior motivated through sex
Most causes of behavior are unconscious
Early childhood is super important
Dreams, slips of the tongue
Hypnosis, free association aka spontatneous speaking, dream ananlysis
Eros= life instinct
Libido= creative energy
Thanatos= death

Question 3

Levels of consciousness

Answer 3

Conscious= current awareness
Preconscious= easily brought to awareness
Unconscious= unaware thoughts

Question 4

Structure of Personality

Answer 4

Id= young impulsive devil on shoulder
Ego= the compromise, head in between
Superego= moral conscience, the Angel

Question 5

Too much id

Answer 5

Neurotic anxiety

Question 6

Too much superego

Answer 6

Moral anxiety

Question 7

Adult characteristics according to psychodynamic perspective are determined by what two factors

Answer 7

What happens at each psychosexual stage

How successful you move through each stage

Question 8

Fixation

Answer 8

Remaining at one stage

Question 9

Regression

Answer 9

Returning to previous stage

Question 10

How many stages are part of Freud’s psychosexual theory

Answer 10

5

Question 11

What happens during oral stage

Answer 11

Pleasure around mouth
Oral aggresive= frustration and anxiety
Dependent= conforming, trusting

Question 12

What happens at anal stage

Answer 12

Focus on potty training
Expulsive= rebels by being dirty
Retentive= orderly, clean

Question 13

Phallic stage

Answer 13

Genital area
Oedipus complex= sexual attraction to opposite sex parent
MOST SIGNIFICANT EVENT IN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

Question 14

Latency stage

Answer 14

No interest in sex

Question 15

Genital stage

Answer 15

Lust and affection probes

Question 16

What are 4 Neo-Freudians

Answer 16

Alfred Adler
Karen Horney
Carl Jung
Erik Erikson

Question 17

Adler’s 3 main things

Answer 17

Striving to be superior
Compensation
Birth order

Question 18

Horney’s 3 main things

Answer 18

Basic anxiety= child fells helpless in world
Basic hostility= how child reacts to being rejected
Womb envy= response to penis envy (men want to carry a baby)

Question 19

Carl Jung

Answer 19

Freud’s crown prince
Collective unconscious (human memories of how to survive)
Archetypes (universal symbols)
Personal unconscious= where personal memories stored
Introversion/Extraversion
Persona

Question 20

Erikson’s main thing

Answer 20

Psychosocial theory of development
8 stages
Formed by social influences
Psychohistory= study of individuals using history and psychoanalysis

Question 21

Humanism

Answer 21

Emphasizes positive and creative nature of humans

Aka the Third Force

Question 22

2 ppl for humanism

Answer 22

Carl Rogers

Abraham Maslow

Question 23

Rogers main things

Answer 23

Self-concept=beliefs about oneself
Positive self-regard= person feeling good about oneself
Unconditional self-regard= other ppl feeling good about one person
Ideal self= idealized image of oneself
Congruence/ in congruence= actual self and ideal self must match

Question 24

Abraham Maslow things

Answer 24

Hierarchy of needs
Self-actualization= process of striving to be the best you
Peak experiences= characteristics of the self-actualized

Question 25

Bandura

Answer 25

Social cognitive perspective Observational learning Reciprocal determinism= behavioral+cognitive+environmental factors cause behaviors

Question 26

William Sheldon

Answer 26

``` Somatype theory Body appearance = personality Endomorph= soft appearance Mesomorph= muscular Ectomorph=thin frail ```

Question 27

Trait perspective is what by what 2 ppl

Answer 27

Traits= which cause ppl to act in a certain way Gordon Allport Raymond Cattell

Question 28

Allport things

Answer 28

Traits=building blocks of personality Cardinal= main trait Central= 2/3 next traits Secondary= other characteristics

Question 29

Cattell things

Answer 29

Surface (what ppl see) vs. Source (underlying) | 16PF test

Question 30

What must personality tests be

Answer 30

``` Reliable= consistent Valid= measure what it's supposed to measure ```

Question 31

Projective tests are and examples

Answer 31

Uncover unconscious thoughts or desires Rorschach TAT House Tree Person

Question 32

Self-Report Inventories are and examples

Answer 32

Questionnaires MMPI-2 CPI 16 PF