Personality and Behavior Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the Five Factor Model of Personality measured agianst?
Remembered with the mneumonic OCEAN
Openness to Experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
What is the Life Course Perspective?
This is a theory of personality that says important events or circumstances that you go through create the perspective you have of yourself.
This is the simplest theory.
What is the Psychoanalytic Perspective?
Sigmund Frued
Theory that says personality is shaped largely by the unconscious
Believed there were many levels to a person: conscious level, preconscious level and unconscious level
Unconscious level
things that affect us but we aren’t aware of, this is what Freud thought was the largest part of our psyche
Preconscious level
This is the middle level, and it’s things that aren’t at the surface but we still remember i.e values, memories
Conscious level
what we are aware of at any given moment i.e. thoughts, perception, logic
What is Libido according to Frued?
he referred to this as the ‘life drive’ we have, which drives our behaviors based on pleasure, survival or avoidance of pain
What is the Death drive according to Freud?
drives dangerous or destructive behaviors and underlies the desire to hurt oneself or others
Freud divided the human psyche into 3 components:
Id: inner child, avoid pain or seek pleasure, instant gratification – can think of it as our ‘devil’
Ego: our logical thinking and planning as we deal with reality, tries to manage the id and the ego, very conflicted –tires to compromise between angle/devil
Superego: our moral judgement idealized, our internal parent – can think of it as our ‘angel’
Freud’s 5 Psychosexual Stages
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
Freud’s psychosexual stages: Oral
Age: 0 to 1
Mouth (sucking, chewing, eating, biting, vocalizing)
Success: weaning from focus on mouth
Fixation: oral aggression like verbally aggressive or smoking/overeating
Freud’s psychosexual stage: Anal
Age: 1 to 3
Anus (bowel and bladder control)
Success: toilet training
Fixation: anal retention (overly neat/tidy) or anal expulsion (very disorganized)
Freud’s psychosexual stages: Phallic
Age: 3 to 6
Genitals (presence/absence of penis)
Oedipus compex (males) vs Electra complex (females)
Success: Gender identification
Fixation: Difficulty with intimate relationships
Freud’s pyschosexual stages: Latency
Age: 6 to 12
Sexual feelings dormant during stage
Success: social interactions
Fixation: arrested development
Freud’s psychosexual stages: Genital
Age: 12+
Other people’ genitals (reproduction and pleasure)
Success: intimate relationships
Fixation: fixation in another stage results in sexual and intimacy issues
Erik Erikson’s 8 Psychosocial Stages of Development
Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame
Initiative vs Guilt
Industry vs Inferiority
Identity vs Role Confusion
Intimacy vs Isolation
Generativity vs Stagnation
Integrity vs Despiar
What’s a difference between Freud’s stages and Erikson’s stages?
Freud’s only go to ~12 years where as Erikson has a stage for each age until elderly age
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage of Development: Trust vs Mistrust
Age: Infancy
Trust: infant’s needs are met (optimism)
Mistrust: infant’s needs are not met
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage of Development: Autonomy vs Shame
Age: Early childhood
Autonomy: children learn self-control
Shame: children remain dependent
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage of Development: Initiative vs Guilt
Age: Preschool age
Initiative: child achieves purpose
Guilt: child doesn’t do well in anything he/she tries
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage of Development: Industry vs Inferiority
Age: School age
Industry: children gain competence
Guilt: children feel incompetent
Erikson’s Pyschosocial Stage of Development: Identity vs Role Confusion
Age: Adolescence
Identity: adoloscents learn sense of self
RC: adoloscents lack own identity
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage of Development: Intimacy vs Isolation
Age: Young adulthood
Intimacy: Young adults develop mature relationships
Isolation: Young adults are unable to create social ties
