Personality and Social Psychology Flashcards
(19 cards)
Causes of Personality
- genetic factors
- Shared environmental factors
- Non shared environmental factors
Psychoanalytic theory
- Psychic determinism
- Symbolic meaning
- Unconscious motivation
Deception
Participant is not initially aware of the means or intent of the research
Confederates
People who pose as participants but know what’s going on in the research
Naive Subject
Participant in the experiment that doesn’t know what’s going on
Situational Attribution
blaming a behaviour to some external cause of factor “saying test was unfair after you failed it”
Dispositional attribution
Blaming behaviour on personal trait, motive or attitude “you say you’re not good at school after failing a test”
Actor-observer effect
blame your own shortcomings on situational factors on dispositional factors
Fundamental attribution error
tendency to blame others’ behaviour to dispositional factors
Self-serving bias
tendency to blame one’s success on dispositional causes and your failure on situational causes
Primary effect
Tendency of overall impression to be influenced on first information that you received than info that comes after
Proximity
how closes someone or something is
Mere-exposure effect
positive feelings to a stim the more exposure you get to it
Halo effect
tendency to assume that a person is negative or positive because you’ve seen one big negative or positive trait
Social Norms
Attitudes and standards of behaviour expected of members in a particular group
Solomon Asch study
Tendency to go along with majority and not altered number of confederates
Normative influence
“going along with the crowd” to avoid rejection
Informational influence
Conforming in order to be right in ambiguous situations
reduce the dissonance by
- Changing the behaviours
explaining away the - inconsistency or minimizing its importance
