Personality Disorders

Question 1

Prevalence of paranoid personality disorder

Answer 1

2-4% of the gen pop according to K&S

Question 2

The incidence of paranoid pd is higher in relatives of ppl with which disorder?

Answer 2

Schizophrenia (K&S)

Question 3

A characteristic defence mechanism in paranoid pd

Answer 3

Projection

Question 4

Prevalence of schizotypal PD

Answer 4

3% K&S

Question 5

Schizotypal PD is frequently diagnosed in females with which condition?

Answer 5

Fragile X syndrome

Question 6

Defence mechanism associated with borderline PD according to Otto Kernberg

Answer 6

Projective identification

Question 7

Key feature of avoidant personality disorder

Answer 7

Extreme sensitivity to rejection

Question 8

Chronic illness in childhood can predispose to which PD according to K&S

Answer 8

Dependent

Question 9

Heritable personality traits (4)

Answer 9

1. Harm avoidance
2. Novelty seeking
3. Reward dependence
4. Persistence

Question 10

A personality trait identified as an independent risk factor for somatic symptoms

Answer 10

Neuroticism

Question 11

According to the APA guidelines for psychotherapy for borderline PD therapy should be brief T/F

Answer 11

F

Question 12

According to the APA guidelines for psychotherapy for borderline PD therapy the therapist should be active and directive rather than passive T/F

Answer 12

T

Question 13

According to the APA guidelines for psychotherapy for borderline PD therapy the patient and therapist mutually develop a hierarchy of priorities T/F

Answer 13

T

Question 14

According to the APA guidelines for psychotherapy for borderline PD therapy limit setting should be avoided T/F

Answer 14

F it should be mutually agreed upon and used

Question 15

According to the APA guidelines for psychotherapy for borderline PD therapy the therapist should avoid trying to get the patient to control their behaviour

Answer 15

F, the therapist should convey empathic validation plus the need for the pt to control their behaviour

Question 16

Smooth pursuit eye movements may be saccadic in introverted people T/F

Answer 16

T according to K&S, also in schizotypal pd

Question 17

People who are impulsive often show high levels of testosterone T/F

Answer 17

T (K&S), also 17-estradiol and estrone may be elevated

Question 18

5-HIAA levels have been noted to be high in suicide attempters T/F

Answer 18

F- low, also low in impulsive & aggressive people

Question 19

Slow wave activity on EEG is sometimes seen in borderline or antisocial PD T/F

Answer 19

T

Question 20

People with strong novelty seeking traits tend to be impulsive T/F

Answer 20

T

Question 21

People with strong harm avoidant traits tend to be outgoing T/F

Answer 21

F, shy

Question 22

Ppl with strong reward dependent traits are more likely to be affectionate T/F

Answer 22

T

Question 23

People with strong novelty seeking traits tend to be irritable T/F

Answer 23

T

Question 24

Low platelet monoamine oxidase levels have been observed in ppl with schizotypal PD T/F

Answer 24

T

Question 25

Borderline PD is associated with an increased risk of premature death T/F

Answer 25

T

Question 26

Antisocial PD is associated with an increased risk of somatization disorder T/F

Answer 26

T! According to K&S. Also increased risk of anxiety disorders, MDD, & all the other PDs

Question 27

Impairments in paranoid PD are typically minor T/F

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Pts with narcissistic PD do not benefit from psychoanalytic approach T/F

Answer 28

F it may help, as advocated by Heinz Kohut, but treatment is difficult

Question 29

The four heritable personality traits are observable early in life and stable across the lifespan T/F

Answer 29

T

Question 30

Who said lack of anxiety tolerance is a central feature of borderline PD?

Answer 30

Otto Kernberg. He also said there are blurred boundaries between self and other & that object relations often alternate between all good and all bad and that defence mechanisms are primitive, centering on splitting and identity disturbance

Question 31

Defence mechanisms may sometimes be conscious processes T/F

Answer 31

F

Question 32

Seductive behaviour is associated with which PD?

Answer 32

Histrionic

Question 33

Extreme sensitivity to criticism is associated with which PD?

Answer 33

Narcissistic

Question 34

Magical thinking is associated with which PD?

Answer 34

Schizotypal

Question 35

Borderline PD is five times more common in relatives of probands with the disorder than the gen pop T/F

Answer 35

T

Question 36

Borderline PD is associated with increased familial risk of antisocial PD T/F

Answer 36

T

Question 37

Which defence mechanism is characteristic of the orderly controlled person (obsessive compulsive PD)?

Answer 37

Isolation

Question 38

Personality disorders cannot be diagnosed in children T/F

Answer 38

F. Except antisocial PD which has to be over the age of 18, it is the only exception

Question 39

Novelty seeking trait is associated with which emotion?

Answer 39

Anger

Question 40

Harm avoidance as a trait is assoc with which emotion?

Answer 40

Fear

Question 41

Kohut's three narcissistic personality types

Answer 41

mirror-hungry, ideal-hungry and twinship hungry

Question 42

Which types of PD tend to endure into old age?

Answer 42

Schizotypal and OCPD tend to endure

Question 43

According to Linehan what is the order of priorities in treating borderline pd?

Answer 43

1. suicidal and parasuicidal behavior 2. patient behavior that interferes with treatment 3. therapist behavior that interferes with treatment 4. other patient behaviors that interfere with quality of life