Personality Disorders Flashcards
(36 cards)
1
Q
Personality Disorders
A
-relatively inflexible patters of inner experience and outward behavior
2
Q
Odd cluster
A
- paranoid
- schizoid
- schizotypal
3
Q
Dramatic cluster
A
- antisocial
- borderline
- histrionic
- narcissitic
4
Q
Anxious Cluster
A
- avoidant
- dependent
- obsessive compulsive
5
Q
Odd personality disorders
A
-suspiciousness, social withdrawal, peculiar ways of experiencing or perceiving things
6
Q
Paranoid personality disorders
A
- deep distrust of others
- suspicions of the motives of others
- shun close relationships
- read hidden meanings into everything
- often respond with anger
- often critical of others
- fail to see faults in themselves
- sensitive to criticism
7
Q
Paranoid Personality Disorders Causes
A
- early interaction with demanding parents
- view enviornemnt as hostile, always on alert
8
Q
Paranoid Personality Disorder Treatment
A
- typically do not seek treatment
- object relations therapists
- Behavioral and cognitive therapist help the patient control anxiety
- improves social function
- drugs are of limited help
9
Q
Schizoid personality disorder
A
- avoid and are removed from social relationships
- demonstrate little emotion
- make no effort to keep relationships
- little interest in sex
- no need for attention or acceptance
10
Q
Schizoid personality disorder Causes
A
- roots in unsatisfied need for human contact
- rather than reacting with distrust, schizoids withdraw into themselves and are unable to give or receive love
- don’t pick up emotional cues
11
Q
Schizoid personality disorder Treatment
A
- most do not seek help
- lists and emotion journals
- teach social skills
- role play
- exposure techniques
- group therapy
12
Q
Schizotypal
A
- extreme discomfort in close relationships
- seek isolation
- body illusions-feeling a force in their bodies
- believe they have magical control over others
- wearing odd clothing
13
Q
Schizotypal Causes
A
- often treated as a mild of prodromal form of schizophrenia
- high activity of dopamine
- smaller temporal lobes
14
Q
Schizotypal Treatment
A
- recognize limits of thoughts and power
- reduce overstimulation
- evaluate unusual thoughts
15
Q
Antisocial personality disorders
A
- also known as sociopaths or psychopaths
- consistently disregard or violate other’s rights
- closely linked to illegal behavior
- must be 18 years or older to diagnose
- running away from home, animal cruelty, destructon of property, repeated lying, impulsivity, aggression
16
Q
Antisocial personality disorders causes
A
- absence of parental love in infancy
- bonds through use of power and destructiveness
- difficulty recognizing a point of view other than their own
- poverty, family violence, parental conflict, divorce
17
Q
Antisocial personality disorders treatment
A
- 25% seek treatment
- usually seeking treatment for another disorder
- wilderness programs
18
Q
Borderline
A
- great instability
- shifts of mood
- shifts of self image/identity
- impulsivity
- episodes of self harm
- “they walk the world with chaos in their wake”
- form intense conflict ridden relationships
- poor boundaries
- frantic efforts to avoid perceive abandonment
- dichotomous, black and white thinking
- 70% attempt suicide
- dissociation
- more women than men
19
Q
Borderline Causes
A
- early lack of acceptance by parents
- low self esteem
- inability to cope with separation
- neglect, abuse, inconsistent relationships, divorce, etc
- low brain serotonin
- intrinsic problems controlling emotions
20
Q
Borderline Treatment
A
- dialectical behavioral therapy
- learn new social skills
- respond more effectively to stressors
- antidepressants
- mood stabilizers
- antianxiety medication
21
Q
Histrionic
A
- extremely emotional
- continuously seek to be the center of attention
- constantly changing to be accepted by others
- constanly seeking approval and praise
22
Q
Histrionic Causes
A
- cold and controlling parents left patient feeling unloved and afraid of abandonment
- learned to cope by behaving dramatically
- patients so self focused and emotional that they become less and less involved with the real world
23
Q
Histrionic Treatment
A
- group therapies
- role play
24
Q
Narcissitic
A
- need admiration
- feel no empathy for others
- convinced of own success, power, and beauty
- exaggerate their achievements
- expect others to recognize them as superior
- appear arrogant
- may take advantage of others
- deal poorly with criticism
25
Narcissitic Causes
- cold, rejecting parents
| - convince themselves that they are totally self sufficient
26
Narcissitic Treatment
- few seek treatment
- seek support for their superiority
- little success
27
Anxious Personalities
- very uncomfortable and inhibited in social situations
- feelings of inadequacy
- yearn for social contact
28
Anxious Personalities Causes
- same as anxiety disorders
- traumas
- conditioned fears
- shame
- assumption that others will judge them harshly
29
Dependent
- pervasive, excessive need to be taken care of
- clingy
- obedient
- fear separation from parent, spouse, or others
- cannot make independent decisions
- do not disagree with others
30
Dependent Causes
- similar to depression
- unresolved oral phase
- dichotomous thinking
31
Dependent Treatment
- typically place responsibility for treatment on the clinician
- assertiveness training
- antidepressant therapy
- group therapy
32
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
- preoccupied with order, perfection, and control
- lack of flexibility, openness, and efficacy
- unreasonably high standards
33
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Causes
- similar to OCD
- overly harsh toilet training
- misreading or exaggerating outcomes of mistakes or errors
- overlap of symptoms between disorders within a class or even between classes
34
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Treatment
- not likely to seek treatment
| - respond well to psychodynamic or cognitive therapy
35
Problems with Personality Disorder Categories
- overlap of symptoms
| - people who qualify for the same disorder can appear very different
36
Alternative ways to classify personality disorders
- clinicians search for a way to avoid categorical diagnoses
- diagnose patients based on their magnitude of expression of key symptoms of dimensions
- the big 5
