Personality Psychology Flashcards
What are the two types of psychological models?
Descriptive models
Traits and values
Process
Psychodynamics and social cognitive theory
What are the three parts of Psychoanalytic theory?
Id: Instinctual nature of humans
Ego: rational and objective
Superego: internalized moral standards
What is the lexical approach to trait theory?
An extensive list of adjectives that described people. Participants rated themselves on these adjectives. Statistical analysis identified which adjectives corresponded with one another.
What is the Big Five trait model?
Openness to experience Intellectual curiosity and independence Conscientiousness Organised, persistent and dependable Extroversion Outgoing and sociable Agreeableness Compassionate and trusting of others Neuroticism emotionally variable and impulsive
What is the main criticism of the Big Five?
It doesn’t account for darker behaviours. Doesn’t predict criminal intent very well.
What is the Dark Triad?
Psychopathy
egocentrism, superficial charm, lacking empathy, lacking guilt
Narcissism
love for the self far stronger than love for others; perceptions of self-superiority and entitlement
Machiavellianism.
Manipulative, deceitful, usually for personal gain
What is the FFM for Psychopathy?
Higher Openness, lower Conscientiousness, higher Extroversion, lower Agreeableness, lower Neuroticism
What is the FFM for Narcissism
Higher Openness, higher Extroversion, lower Agreeableness
What is the FFM for Machiavellianism?
Lower Conscientiousness, lower Agreeableness
Why was HEXACO introduced? What is the additional trait?
To correct for the lack of dark behaviours in the Five Factor model. Honesty-humility.
What does context dependence describe?
Personality traits don’t always predict how an individual will behave in ALL situations.
What are the resolutions for context dependence?
Interactionism
Traits and situations interact
Aggregation
Traits are poor predictors of single behaviours
Better at predicting how people are likely to behave in aggregate
What are other metods of measuring personality?
Big data methods
Analysing online activity to measure personality traits
Twitter: text analysis/Facebook likes
Projective Measures
Thematic Apperception Test
Rorschach Inkblot Test
