Personality Theories

Question 1

Which theory was Freud known for?

Answer 1

Psychoanalytic

Question 2

Which theorist backed psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 2

Freud

Question 3

What was the core question of psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 3

Does your childhood influence your personality?

Question 4

What theory is Rogers & Maslow known for?

Answer 4

Humanistic

Question 5

What theory is Kelly known for?

Answer 5

Cognitive

Question 6

Who are the key theorists in Humanistic & Cognitive theory?

Answer 6

Rogers & Maslow, and Kelly

Question 7

What is the core question of Humanistic/Cognitive theory?

Answer 7

Do you have a choice about your personality?

Question 8

Who are the theorists involved with Behavioural & Learning theory?

Answer 8

Skinner, Bandura & Mischel

Question 9

Which theory are Skinner, Bandura & Mischel involved with?

Answer 9

Behavioural & Learning theory

Question 10

What is the core question of Behavioural & Learning theory?

Answer 10

Do you learn your personality? From whom or what?

Question 11

What is the core question of Dispositional theory?

Answer 11

Do you have personality traits, and are they inherited?

Question 12

Conscious Level (Freud)

Answer 12

What you are currently aware of

Question 13

Preconscious level (Freud)

Answer 13

Things you can be conscious of if you focus on them, but they aren’t in your current awareness

Question 14

Unconscious level (Freud)

Answer 14

• Sexual & Aggressive drives
• you aren’t aware of them
• they can strongly influence your behaviour

Question 15

Which principle is the Ego?

Answer 15

Reality Principle

Question 16

Which principle is the Superego?

Answer 16

Moral Principle

Question 17

Which principle is the id?

Answer 17

Pleasure principle

Question 18

In Freud’s iceberg, which is responsible for planning?

Answer 18

Ego

Question 19

In Freud’s iceberg, which is responsible for practicality and socially acceptable behaviour?

Answer 19

Ego

Question 20

In Freud’s iceberg, which is predominantly CONSCIOUS but mediates with the unconscious?

Answer 20

Ego

Question 21

In Freud’s iceberg, which is responsible for primary impulses and cravings?

Answer 21

Id

Question 22

In Freud’s iceberg, which is responsible for disregarding laws and social conventions?

Answer 22

Id

Question 23

In Freud’s iceberg, which is entirely UNCONSCIOUS?

Answer 23

Id

Question 24

In Freud’s iceberg, which is considered your CONSCIENCE?

Answer 24

Superego

Question 25

In Freud’s iceberg, which is responsible for moral beliefs and right or wrong?

Answer 25

Superego

Question 26

In Freud’s iceberg, which is shaped by your parents attitudes towards you?

Answer 26

Superego

Question 27

In Freud’s iceberg, which is both CONSCIOUS & UNCONSCIOUS?

Answer 27

Superego

Question 28

What were the 2 concepts of Bandura’s Social Learning Theory?

Answer 28

1. personality develops through observational learning 2. Reciprocal determinism

Question 29

What does reciprocal determinism mean?

Answer 29

People influence the environment & it influences people

Question 30

How do cognitive approaches influence personality in social learning theory?

Answer 30

By mediating between external environments & behaviour

Question 31

Who are the key theorists in behaviourism theory? (2)

Answer 31

Watson & Skinner

Question 32

What did Skinner propose in his behaviourism theory? (2)

Answer 32

1. That people learn by operant conditioning 2. Personality is a collection of ‘learned behaviour patterns’

Question 33

What is operant conditioning (behaviourism theory)?

Answer 33

Reward & Punishment

Question 34

What is the humanistic approach?

Answer 34

Focuses on humans as future-oriented, finding human potential for personal development

Question 35

Humanism believes that personality is shaped by…

Answer 35

Experience

Question 36

The humanistsic approach is strongly

Answer 36

IDIOGRAPHIC (individual-focused)

Question 37

What is Rogers’ humanist theory about? (3)

Answer 37

1. It’s positive - focuses on present & future 2. We’re self-driven 3. We’re all good: bad behaviour is a response to stress

Question 38

What are the 3 main concepts of Rogers humanist theory? S, PR, SA

Answer 38

1. The Self 2. The need for positive regard 3. Self-Actualisation

Question 39

What is ‘the self’ in humanist theory? (3 things) SW, SI, IS

Answer 39

A combo of your self-worth, self-image & ideal self

Question 40

What is the Need For Positive Regard in humanist theory? (2)

Answer 40

We have a need for acceptance, & parenting determines self-worth

Question 41

What is Self-Actualisation in humanist theory?

Answer 41

The highest realisation of human potential (being authentically you & helping the lives of others)

Question 42

What are the 3 defence mechanisms in humanist theory? D, PDOE, SE

Answer 42

Denial, Perceptual Distortion of experience, Self Enhancement