persuasive techniques

Question 1

alliteration

Answer 1

repetition of a sound, particularly at the beginning of words. often used in headlines

Question 2

analogy

Answer 2

compares one thing or situation with another

Question 3

anecdotes

Answer 3

a brief personal account or story

Question 4

appeal to a sense of justice

Answer 4

speaks to people’s belief that everyone deserves fair treatment

Question 5

appeal to family values

Answer 5

based on the belief that traditional family arrangements are the best foundation for individuals and society

Question 6

appeal to group loyalty

Answer 6

uses the desire of people to belong to a group in order to persuade them to agree with a viewpoint or take action

Question 7

appeal to the hip-pocket nerve

Answer 7

relates to people’s concern about their financial wellbeing

Question 8

appeal to patriotism

Answer 8

draws on national pride and peoples loyalty to their nation

Question 9

appeal to self-interest

Answer 9

suggests that one’s own interests should be placed ahead of others’

Question 10

appeal to tradition and custom

Answer 10

places a high value on the past and one’s heritage. suggests that abandoning tradition is damaging to society

Question 11

attacks

Answer 11

used to denigrate an opponent and, by implication, their point of view

Question 12

cliches

Answer 12

a familiar but overused expression that carries a range of associations

Question 13

connotations

Answer 13

associations or implied meanings of words

Question 14

emotive language

Answer 14

deliberately strong words used tp provoke emotion in the reader

Question 15

evidence

Answer 15

facts, information or expert opinions; often from an authoritative source. may be used selectively

Question 16

generalisation

Answer 16

involves the claim that if something is true of some people, it is true for all members of the group to which they belong

Question 17

inclusive language

Answer 17

involves the reader directly in the issue by using such words as ‘we’ or ‘us’

Question 18

metaphors

Answer 18

comparisons that describe one thing in terms of another

Question 19

overstatement/exaggeration/hyperbole

Answer 19

using dramatic, forceful language to exaggerate the true situation

Question 20

puns

Answer 20

play on words that gives one word or phrase multiple meanings

Question 21

reason and logic

Answer 21

involves a clearly stated main contention and an argument supported by evidence or deduction, that is, by drawing a conclusion from something generally known or assumed to be ‘true’

Question 22

repetition

Answer 22

repeating words, phrases or ideas for emphasis

Question 23

rhetorical question

Answer 23

a question that requires no answer, usually because the answer is implied

Question 24

alliteration effect

Answer 24

• Captures attention

• Adds emphasis to the writer’s point
• Draws attention to key words

Question 25

analogy effect

Answer 25

* Explains a complex point in more familiar terms * Makes the contention look simple and obvious

Question 26

anecdote eefect

Answer 26

* Often entertaining or humorous * Personal angle engages the reader * As 'true stories' they carry weight with readers

Question 27

appeal to a sense of justice effect

Answer 27

* Positions the reader to agree that punishment should fit the crime * Arouses anger at a perceived injustice

Question 28

appeal to family values effect

Answer 28

* Leads readers to view traditional families as the most desirable arrangement * Positions the reader to feel that the other arrangements threaten the more 'moral fabric' of society

Question 29

appeal to group loyalty effect

Answer 29

* Can play on people's guilt, sense of obligation, fear and sentimentality * Convinces people that the interests of the group require their support

Question 30

appeal to the hip-pocket nerve effect

Answer 30

* Provokes strong emotions, such as outrage at being taken advantage of Positions readers to feel threatened by those who want to raise prices etc.

Question 31

appeal to patriotism effect

Answer 31

* Positions readers to feel that they would be disloyal to their country to disagree with the writer * Arouses strong emotions of pride, guilt, loyalty; sometimes anger and fear

Question 32

appeal to self interest effect

Answer 32

* Often divides people into 'them' and ‘us’ * Suggests that the interests of others are in competition with and threaten our own

Question 33

appeal to tradition and custom effect

Answer 33

* Encourages the reader to resist change, and to feel that links with the past should be retained * Sometimes romanticises the past and rejects modern ways of doing things

Question 34

attack effect

Answer 34

* Draw attention away from reasoned argument * Position the reader to agree that if an individual is flawed, their message must be too

Question 35

cliche effect

Answer 35

* Convey meaning in an economical way * Can help readers feel more comfortable with an idea

Question 36

connotation effect

Answer 36

* Arouse feelings and attitudes that position the reader to like/dislike, accept/reject a group, idea or viewpoint

Question 37

emotive language effect

Answer 37

* Positions the reader to react emotionally, rather than rationally * Leads the reader to share the writer's feelings on the subject

Question 38

evidence effect

Answer 38

* Gives the writer's argument more credibility as it is apparently objective and/or supported by experts * Supports the use of logic and reason

Question 39

generalisation effect

Answer 39

* Appeals to commonly held prejudices and attitudes * Positions the reader to judge others according to stereotypes

Question 40

inclusive language effect

Answer 40

* Makes the reader feel included and that their view counts * Encourages the reader to agree since this view is apparently shared by the group as a whole

Question 41

metaphor effect

Answer 41

* Capitalise on associations with a vivid image * Evoke emotion in the reader which matches that of the writer

Question 42

overstatement/exaggeration/ hyperbole effect

Answer 42

* Arouses emotion in the reader * Can be humorous * 'Worst-case scenarios' play on readers' fears

Question 43

pun effect

Answer 43

* Often humorous * Gain the reader's attention and emphasise the writer's point * Use connotations of words to convey writer's point of view

Question 44

reason and logic effect

Answer 44

* Gives writer's viewpoint credibility for being apparently objective * Can consider opposing viewpoints and argue logically against them

Question 45

repetition effect

Answer 45

* Emphasises the writer's viewpoint and captures attention * Makes the point more memorably

Question 46

rhetorical question effect

Answer 46

* Positions the reader to agree by assuming their answer will be the same as the writer's * Engages the reader by addressing them directly

Question 47

Euphemism

Answer 47

is a harmless word or expression used in place of one that is deemed offensive or suggests something unpleasant. Some euphemisms are intended to amuse, while others use bland, inoffensive terms for concepts that the user wishes to downplay

Question 48

Euphemism effect

Answer 48

* Some euphemisms are intended to amuse- authors may use over the top euphemisms to create a sense of humour or mock what is seen as 'woke' cultural. * While others use bland, inoffensive terms for concepts that the user wishes to downplay. Maybe the author is taking a controversial stand and wants to make a term seem less aggressive.

Question 49

Colloquialism

Answer 49

Colloquialism is everyday language used by people of a certain region. It is informal language – what you use when talking to friends neighbours or family. It is not the same as slang- slang is fresher and develops even more quickly and is usually depended shred between a certain age bracket.

Question 50

Colloquialism effect

Answer 50

Using colloquial language makes writing less formal and more approachable—less “presenting to the class,” more “chatting in the hall.” SO an author who is an expert or specialist in a field might use it to seem more down to Earth and less authoritative. If it is an issue about Australian values it may use a lot of Aussie colloquialisms to show their patriotism

Question 51

Allusion Vs. Reference

Answer 51

Allusion, or alluding, is a figure of speech that makes a reference to someone or something by name (a person, object, location, etc.) without explaining how it relates to the given context so that the audience must realize the connection in their own minds. When a connection is directly and explicitly explained (as opposed to indirectly implied), it is instead often simply termed a reference.

Question 52

Allusion Vs. Reference effect

Answer 52

* Evoking Emotions: Allusions can trigger strong emotional responses in readers by connecting the current situation to something familiar or significant, like a historical event or a famous character. * Creating Imagery: Allusions can paint vivid mental pictures for readers, allowing them to envision the scene or situation being referenced. * Enriching Meaning: By adding a layer of meaning that may not be obvious to all readers, allusions can make a text more nuanced and thought-provoking.

Question 53

Modality words

Answer 53

* Modality: refers to the degree of certainty or obligation a speaker or writer expresses about something. * High modality: words convey a strong belief that something is true or that it must happen. * Low modality: words, on the other hand, express uncertainty or a lower degree of belief.

Question 54

modality words effect

Answer 54

High modality words: Can show a change in tone to more urgent, forceful- signals a call to action. Makes the audience feel like the author is convicted in their opinion and therefore more convincing. Can make the reader feel like there is not a reasonable alternative view Low modality: could be used when the author is sharing the other side of the argument- part of a rebuttal. Or could be used by the author to show that they are open minded and deliberately trying to not seem too pushy

Question 55

Generalisations

Answer 55

Speaking broadly and avoiding specifics to create a purposefully blurred image of an argument or idea, or using a small amount of evidence to support a wider claim

Question 56

generalisation effect

Answer 56

Can give the appearance of evidence when they are lacking facts. Used a lot when talking about how the generations are different than each other. Used a lot when appealing to parents sense of fear surrounding social media use.