Pesticides Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
What are the 3 parts of an insect
A
Head, Thorax, Abdomen
2
Q
2 parts of a spider/mite/tick
A
Abdomen, Cephalothorax
3
Q
Name of the air intake opening on an insect
A
Spiracles
4
Q
What are 6 types of biotic organisms causing turf grass diseases
A
Fungi Bacteria Nematodes Phytoplasms Viruses Parasitic Higher plants
5
Q
6 methods of insect control
A
Mechanical/Physical Cultural Biological Chemical Regulatory IPM
6
Q
2 types of pesticides
A
Contact
Systemic
7
Q
7 things that mites affect
A
Fruit Trees Vegetables Berry Crops Ornamentals House Plants Stored food Structures Bird and Poultry
8
Q
2 types of diseases
A
Parasitic
Non parasitic
9
Q
Types of sprayers
A
Compressed air Hand held Backpack Boom Boomless Wick
10
Q
Types of pumps
A
Centrifugal-Used on golf course
Piston
11
Q
2 things to consider before application
A
Wildlife
pH
12
Q
Do pesticides break down quickly in alkaline water?
A
True
13
Q
Non parasitic diseases
A
Light
temperature
Water
Nutrient Deficiencies
14
Q
3 major spray patterns
A
Flat fan
Hollow cone
Full Cone
15
Q
What are the three types of weeds
A
Annuals
Perennials
Biennials
16
Q
What are the 2 types of annuals
A
Summer/Winter
17
Q
2 types of foliar herbicides
A
Contact
Translocated(Systemic)
18
Q
4 types of agitators
A
Manual Agitation
Mechanical Agitation
Hydraulic Agitation
Air sparging
19
Q
4 parts that make up a spray nozzle
A
Nozzle body
Strainer
Spray tip
Cap
20
Q
What does ULV stand for?
A
Ultra low Volume
21
Q
Advantage of Solution
A
Ai is available in high concentration
22
Q
Disadvantage of Solution
A
High concentration of Ai, so high risk of exposure
23
Q
Advantage of EC
A
Little agitation is required
24
Q
Disadvantage of EC
A
Higher phytotoxic hazard
25
Advantage of Flowable
Seldom clogs nozzle
26
Disadvantage of Flowable
Spray mix needs constant agitation
27
Advantage of Dust
Ready to use
28
Disadvantage of dust
drift
29
Advantage of granules
Ready to use
30
Disadvantage of granules
Possible to inhale associated dust
31
Advantages of Soluble granules
Safer to handle
32
Disadvantages of Soluble granules
mixing is required
33
Advantages of Soluble powder
agitation needed only for mixing
34
Disadvantages of soluble powder
if inhaled as powder, it can be hazardous
35
Advantages of wettable powder
it is easy to store in unheated locations
36
Disadvantages of wettable powder
High risk of exposure
37
Advantage of Dry Flowable
Low risk of exposure
38
Disadvantages of Dry Flowable
High risk of exposure
39
Advantage of Bait
Ready to use
40
Disadvantage of Bait
Eaten by pets, wildlife, children
41
Advantage of Fumigant
Penetrates hard to reach areas to kill target pests
42
Disadvantage of Fumigant
High risk of exposure
43
Advantage of Pressurized Product
Ready to use
44
Disadvantage of Pressurized Product
Risk of inhalation
45
2 types of information on a pesticide container
Principal
| Secondary
46
True or False: Pesticide labels are legal documents
True
47
A label component that indicates the concentration of the Ai
Guarantee Statement
48
A label component that describes the type of pest it cures
Purpose
49
What are the 4 class designations
Domestic, Agricultural, Restricted, Manufacturing
50
Where is the secondary information found?
On the back or side of package
51
What do you do if there is no secondary info?
Contact the manufacturer
52
What part on the secondary info limits the manufacturer's liability?
Notice to buyer
53
What is the primary purpose of the Notice to User label?
To direct user to read the product label
54
What is acaricide used for
Mites and ticks
55
What is avicide used for
birds
56
What is piscicide used for
fish
57
What are three main types of beneficial insects
Predators, parasites and pollinating
58
What are the 6 components of an IPM programs
```
Prevention
Identification
Monitoring
Thresholds
Treatment
Evaluation
```
59
Plugging holes and screening windows is an example of what type of IPM step?
Prevention
60
Can preventing pests be cheaper than treating?
Yes
61
What is the benefit of correct pest ID?
Minimizes damage to beneficials
62
What is a common challenge is pest ID?
Pests and beneficial may look alike
63
What is important pest biology knowledge?
Knowing the lifecycle
64
3 key elements of visual monitoring?
Carefully looks for signs
done regularly
documented
65
In order to take good measurements of pest problems, what is required?
Proper record keeping
Sufficient numbers of samples
Random sampling of area
66
3 things to count or measure when monitoring
Size of affected area
beneficial insects
damaged leaves
67
What is injury threshold?
The point when pest damage is unacceptable
68
What is action threshold?
The point when the decision to treat a pest problem is made
69
Researching the life cycle of the pest believed to be causing damage. What IPM stage
Identification
70
Reviewing the effectiveness of a treatment. What IPM stage
Evaluation
71
Looking at various ways to reduce pest problems before the start of the growing season. What IPM stage
Prevention
72
Determining that the pest problem is growing rapidly and thinking of options to deal with it. What IPM stage?
Treatment
73
Creating a sampling plan to count and measure pests. What IPM stage
Monitoring
74
Three ways of naming pesticides
Chemical, Product, Common
75
Signal words describe the level of what
risk
76
Type of hazard is shown with what?
A symbol
77
What section of the secondary info describes the hazards
Precautions
78
Primary purpose of the notice to user label
Direct user to read product label
79
What section provides medical personnel instructions incase of poisoning
Toxicological information
80
What section of the secondary info contains about use on crops
Directions for use
81
The MSDS is the primary source of info about a pesticide. true or False
false
82
All commercial pesticides must have an MSDS. True or False
True
83
An MSDS may provide details on pesticide stability. True or False
true
84
An MSDS is a legal document. True or False
False
85
The manufacturer provides MSDS for its pesticides. True or False
True
86
Information about dealing with spills is in what section of MSDS?
Accidental release measures
87
What section would you go to fine the pesticides hazardous ingredients?
Composition section
88
What section describes the appearance, colour, odor, flash, and boiling points?
Physical and Chemical properties section
89
To obtain info about health of severe exposure what section would you look in?
Toxicological info
90
What section would you go to to find out about incompatibility with other products?
Stability
91
What is LD50
Lethal dose for 50% of the test population
92
What is LC50
The concentration of a pesticide in the air and water
93
What are the symptoms of chronic toxicity
```
Skin irritation
Loss of weight
Tumours
Organ damage
Nerve damage
Birth defects
```
94
What are the four right steps to reduce exposure
Have the right attitude
Use the right method of application
Use the right PPE
Follow the right safety procedures
95
What are the four routes of exposure?
Inhalation
Ingestion or Oral
Eyes
Dermal
96
What is adsorption
When pesticides bind onto soil particles
97
What is absorption
Movement of pesticides into soil particles
98
What is desorption
When a pesticide moves out of a soil particle
99
What is volatilization
A pesticide changes into a gas or vapour
100
How to reduce spray drift
Bigger droplets
| Less wind speed
101
What is an inversion
Hot air on top of cold air
102
What is soil drift
Movement of soil particles caused by wind
103
How to reduce runoff
Use adjuvants
Don't apply before rain
Avoid sloped applications
Avoid irrigating where runoff occurs
104
What is degradation
When a pesticide changes into other chemical compounds
105
What is photodegredation
Breakdown of pesticides by sunlight
106
What are aquifers
Lower zones holding ground water
107
What is point source contamination
Spill occurs in a small area
108
What is non point source contamination
Contamination of surface or ground water
109
What is phytotoxicity
Pesticides that damage or injure plants
110
What three things should all applicators wear?
Long sleeved shirt
Rubber boots
Waterproof gloves
111
What are 5 things to think about for what PPE to use
```
Label warnings
Pesticide formulation properties
Path of exposure
Amount of exposure
Application method
```
112
Do hard hat provide effective head covering for PPE?
Yes
113
What are the three key elements of safety?
Knowledge, training, attitude
114
What is the first step in loading a spray tank?
Fill half full with water
115
If you have to work alone, what must you do to be safe?
Inform someone of where you are, when you will return, and what you are applying
116
What is the main reason that mixing and loading pesticides is hazardous?
Mixer is exposed to concentrated pesticide
117
What is the best reason for planning a treatment route?
It can prevent exposing an applicator to airborne spray
118
Where should the application equipment be cleaned after an application?
In the treatment area
119
What are the 4 C's dealing with spills?
Control
Contain
Clean up
Clean equipment
