PET and TB Disorders Flashcards
(23 cards)
define PET
increased BP at >20K on two or more occasions with other organ involvement
describe proteinuria values in preg
> 300mg protein/24h urine, early if <34K, late >34K
what is typical cause of PET
inflammation and placental ischemia
define eclampsia
severe complication of PET with occurrence of one or more seizures, caused by endothelial damage to cerebral vessels
list risk factors for PET
hx PET, inter preg interval >10yrs, nullip, DM, renal issues, HTN, autoimmune, >40 y/o, BMI >35, multi preg, high BP at booking
describe mat consequences of PET
lifelong conseq to kidneys, liver, cognition, CV dysfunction
describe fetal consequences of PET
death, FGR, programmed disease, preterm
what is PET disease of?
placenta, can happen in absence of a baby, delivery of placenta stops symptoms
list factors indicating delivery at any gest age with PET
eclampsia, placental abruption, renal dysfunction, fetal compromise >24K
what is used to prevent PET with high risk factors
aspirin must be started <16K, reduces risk by 3x
what is used to stop maternal seizures in PET and act as a neuroprotectant for the fetus?
mag sulf, aim to stop CP development
compare early and late onset PET
early: baby needs to be delivered <34K, IUGR, placenta displays overt pathology
late onset: baby delivered >37K, placenta healthy, normal growth fetus
what should happen in normal spiral artery remodelling?
should become less coiled and have a funnel shape under influence of interstitial and endovascular EVTBs, they also form a plug in arteries to limit O2 getting to baby until it is ready (roughly T2)
what happens if spiral arteries or plug not formed properly?
more pulsatile blood flow to fetus or early exposure to O2 to baby -> reactive O2 species and oxidative stress -> damages placenta causing inflam response
what compounds are thought to be involved in PET
STB microvilli shed into mat bloodstream -> debris in body vessels, sFLT1: stops mother body adapting to CV demands, SEng: pro-inflam on blood vessels
Define HELLP syndrome
hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count
describe symptoms of HELLP
severe abdo pain, vomiting, headaches, starts with LP -> EL -> H
describe TB disorders
group of conditions with uncontrolled proliferation of placental tissue, early morning sickness
describe molar pregnancy
egg and sperm join incorrectly, cystic swelling or chorionic villi and prolif of TB, extremely high HCG -> extreme morning sickness and thyroid storm, initial symptoms irreg vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain
describe tx of molar preg
suction and evacuation, must remove all tissue due to risk of it forming cancer
describe causes of molar pregnancy
fertilisation of an egg with 2 sperm or 1/2 sperm fertilising egg lacking a nucleus
what happens if molar preg left untxq
PET
describe a choriocarcinoma
malignant neoplasm of TB, rapidly invasive, responds well to chemo
