Petrology Flashcards
(31 cards)
It is the science concerned with rocks that are made up of definite mineral assemblages from which the earth is built.
Petrology
the science that deals with the mode of occurrence, composition, classification and origin of rocks and their relations to geological processes and history.
Petrology
a naturally-occurring mixtures of minerals, mineraloids, glass or organic matter. a naturally-occurring solid aggregate of minerals
Rock
Places emphasis on the purely descriptive part of the rock science from textural, mineralogical, and chemical points of view.
Petrography
It deals with the origin of rocks.
Petrogenesis
It is the study of stones, employs knowledge obtained from field exposures or hand specimens and it is almost synonymous with petrology.
Petrogenesis
What are the classification of Rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
Are those that ionize less readily and thus tend to form covalent compounds with sulfur.
These elements occur mainly as sulfides.
Chalcophile Elements
are those for which metallic bonding is the normal condition and which do not readily form compounds of oxygen or sulfur. The elements occur mainly as native elements.
Siderophile Elements
Gaseous and present mainly in the atmosphere
Atmophile Elements
How magma forms?
Rock melts and became magma when the temperature is higher than the controlled melting point of the minerals in a rock.
Sources of Heat for Melting
Geothermal Gradient, Hot mantle plumes,
Friction, Heat Transfer, Radioactivity
Sources of Heat for Melting
Geothermal Gradient, Hot mantle plumes,
Friction, Heat Transfer, Radioactivity
Melting point of Lava and Magma
700-1300°C
Separate SiO4 groups in which the tetrahedra are not linked directly to each other but are bound together by intervening cations.
Nesosilicate
What is Nesosilicate?
separate SiO4 groups in which the tetrahedra are not linked directly to each other but are bound together by intervening cations.
Si2O7 may be considered as a condensation of two silica tetrahedra. They are linked by a common oxygen which serves as a bridging ion.
Sorosilicate
What is a Sorosilicate?
Si2O7 may be considered as a condensation of two silica tetrahedra.
They are linked by a common oxygen which serves as a bridging ion.
Ring structures Si6O18 in which the SiO4 groups are not independent but are united through common oxygen ions in the form of a ring.
Cyclosilicates
What is a Cyclosilicate?
Ring structures Si6O18 in which the SiO4 groups are not independent but are united through common oxygen ions in the form of a ring.
Has continuous single chains of tetrahedra each sharing two oxygens and continuous double chains of tetrahedra sharing alternately two and three oxygens.
Inosilicate
What is an Inosilicate?
continuous single chains of tetrahedra each sharing two oxygens.
– continuous double chains of tetrahedra sharing alternately two and three oxygens.
Has continuous sheets of tetrahedra each sharing three oxygens.
Phyllosilicates
What is a Phyllosilicate?
continuous sheets of tetrahedra each sharing three oxygens.
