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PGRs Flashcards

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1
Q

Indole compounds of PGRs

A

indole-3-acetic acid, IAA

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2
Q

Adenine derivative of PGR

A

N6 - furfurylamino purine, kinetin

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3
Q

derivatives of carotenoids in PGR

A

abscisic acid, ABA

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4
Q

derivative of terpenes in PGR

A

gibberellic acid, GA3

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5
Q

derivative of gas PGR

A

ethylene, C2H4

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6
Q

Protein bond?

A

peptide bonds

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7
Q

Polysaccharide bond

A

Glycosidic bond

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8
Q

The bond between the phosphate and hydroxyl group of
sugar

A

Ester Bond

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9
Q

Bond between esters on either side

A

phosphodiester bond

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10
Q

PGR Promoter

A

auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin

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11
Q

PGR Inhibitor

A

abscisic acid

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12
Q

Gaseous PGR

A

Ethylene, C2H4

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13
Q

PGR which is both promoter and inhibitor

A

Ethylene

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14
Q

Functions of PGR promoter

A

tropic growth,
pattern, fruit and seed formtion
flowering,
cell division and cell enlargement

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15
Q

____ help to initiate rooting in stem cuttings in plant propagation

A

Auxin

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16
Q

____ promote flowering in pineapples.

A

Auxin

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17
Q

____ help to prevent fruit and leaf drop at early stages

A

Auxin

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18
Q

____ help promote the
abscission of older mature leaves and fruits

A

Auxin

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19
Q

Removal of shoot tips (decapitation) usually results in the growth of lateral
buds. Why?

A

because it eliminates the source of auxin, a plant hormone that normally inhibits lateral bud growth through a phenomenon called apical dominance

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20
Q

____ induces parthenocarpy in tomatoes

A

Auxin

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21
Q

_____ are widely used as herbicides.
2, 4-D, widely used to kill dicotyledonous
weeds but does not affect mature
monocotyledonous plants.

A

Auxin

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22
Q

____ is used to prepare
weed-free lawns by gardeners

A

Auxin

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23
Q

____ controls xylem differentiation and helps in cell
division

A

Auxin

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24
Q

____ causes increase in length of axis

A

Gibberellins

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25
____ is used to increase the length of grapes stalks
Gibberellins
26
____ cause fruits like apple to elongate and improve its shape
Gibberellins
27
____ delay senescence
Gibberellins
28
the fruits can be left on the tree longer so as to extend the market period due to ____
Gibberellins
29
____ is used to speed up the malting process in brewing industry.
GA3
30
Spraying sugarcane crop with ____ increases the length of the stem
gibberellins
31
_____ increases sugarcane yield by ____
gibberellins; 20 tonnes per acre
32
Spraying juvenile conifers with ____ hastens the maturity period, thus leading to _____
Gibberellins; early seed production
33
What is bolting?
(internode elongation just prior to flowering)
34
____ promotes bolting in beet, cabbages and many plants with rosette habit
Gibberellins
35
__________ help overcome the apical dominance
Cytokinins
36
____ helps delay leaf senescence
Cytokinins
37
____ promotes nutrient mobilisation
Cytokinins
38
____ helps to produce new leaves, chloroplasts in leaves, lateral shoot growth and adventitious shoot formation.
cytokinins
39
____ promotes senescence and abscission of plant organs especially of leaves and flowers
Ethylene
40
____ is highly effective in fruit ripening by ___.
Ethylene; enhancing the respiration rate during ripening of the fruits
41
What is respiratory climactic?
Ethylene is highly effective in fruit ripening. It enhances the respiration rate during ripening of the fruits. This rise in rate of respiration is called respiratory climactic
42
____ breaks seed and bud dormancy
Ethylene
43
____ initiates germination in peanut seeds
Ethylene
44
___ sprouting of potato tubers
Ethylene
45
____ promotes rapid internode/petiole elongation in deep water rice plants
Ethylene
46
____ helps leaves/ upper parts of deep water rice plant shoot to remain above water
Ethylene
47
___ also promotes root growth and root hair formation
Ethylene
48
___ is used to initiate flowering and for synchronising fruit-set in pineapples
Ethylene
48
___ helps plants increase their absorption surface
Ethylene
49
____ induces flowering in mango
Ethylene
50
one of the most widely used PGR in agriculture
Ethylene
50
The most widely used compound as source of ethylene is
Ethephon
51
___ hastens fruit ripening in tomatoes and apples
Ethephon
52
____ accelerates abscission in flowers and fruits (thinning of cotton, cherry, walnut)
Ethephon
53
____ promotes female flowers in cucumbers thereby increasing the yield
Ethephon
54
____ inhibits seed germination
ABA
55
____ stimulates the closure of stomata
ABA
56
____ increases the tolerance of plants to various kinds of stresses.
ABA
57
____ called stressed hormone
ABA
58
____ helps seeds to withstand desiccation
ABA
59
___ acts as an antagonist to GAs
ABA
60
Plants retain capacity for unlimited growth throughout their life due to
Presence of meristems at certain locations of their body
61
____ and ___ are responsible for elongation of plant
shoot and root apical meristem
62
____, ____, and ____ are responsible for girth of a plant
Lateral meristem, Vascular cambium and cork cambium
63
Region of meristematic activity (5)
Cells are small, rich with dense protoplasm, large nuclei and thin primary cell walls with abundant plasmodesmatal connections
64
Region of elongation
Cells undergo rapid elongation and enlargement. Increased vacuolation and new cell wall deposition are characteristics of cells in this phase
65
Region of maturation
Maximum size in terms of wall thickening and protoplasmic modification
66
What is stem?
It is the ascending part of the axis bearing branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
67
Stem develops from the ___ of the ____ of a ___
plumule; embryo; germinating seed
68
What is node?
Region of stems where leaves are born
69
Portion between two nodes is called?
Internode
70
What is a leaf?
The leaf is a lateral, generally flattened structure borne on the stem
71
Leaves originate from ___ and are arranged in an ____ order
shoot apical meristems; acropetal
72
Function of petiole
Helps hold leaf blade to light, and allow them to flutter in the wind, thereby cooling leaf and bringing fresh air to its surface
73
A bud is present in the ____ in both simple and compound leaves, but not in the _____ of the compound leaf.
axil of petiole; axil of leaflets
74
What is a flower?
A flower is a modified shoot wherein the shoot apical meristem changes to floral meristem
75
In racemose inflorescence, the flowers are borne ____ in an ____ succession
laterally; acropetal
76
In cymose type of inflorescence, The flowers are borne in a ____ order
basipetal
77

Biology (7 decks)

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