pH, Ka, and Buffer

Question 1

substances that ionize in water to produce H+ ions

Answer 1

acids

Question 2

substances that ionize in water to produce OH- ions

Answer 2

bases

Question 3

acids or bases: have a sour taste

Answer 3

acids

Question 4

acids or bases: vinegar, citrus fruits

Answer 4

acids

Question 5

acids or bases: have a bitter taste

Answer 5

bases

Question 6

acids or bases: feels slippery

Answer 6

bases

Question 7

acids or bases: soaps

Answer 7

bases

Question 8

acids or bases: causes color changes in plant dyes

Answer 8

acids

Question 9

acids or bases: change the color of litmus from blue to red

Answer 9

acids

Question 10

acids or bases: change the color of litmus from red to blue

Answer 10

bases

Question 11

acids or bases: reacts with certain metals such as zinc, magnesium, and iron to produce hydrogen gas

Answer 11

acids

Question 12

acids or bases: reacts with carbonates and bicarbonates

Answer 12

acids

Question 13

acids or bases: conduct electricity

Answer 13

both acid and base

Question 14

is a weak electrolyte (and therefore a weak base) because only
a small fraction of dissolved NH3 molecules react with water to form NH4 and OH- ions.

Answer 14

ammonia

Question 15

most commonly used strong base in the laboratory is

Answer 15

NAOH (sodium hydroxide)

Question 16

The most commonly used weak base

Answer 16

aqueous ammonia solution (ammonium hydroxide)

Question 17

reaction between acid and base

Answer 17

neutralization

Question 18

aqueous acid-base reactions produce

Answer 18

water and salt

Question 19

an ionic compound made up of a cation other than H+ and an anion other
than OH- or O2-

Answer 19

salt+water

Question 20

comes from the german word that means power combined with hydrogen

Answer 20

pH

Question 21

german word that means power

Answer 21

potenz

Question 22

meaning of pH

Answer 22

power of hydrogen

Question 23

In the _________ definition an acid is a proton donor while base is a proton acceptor

Answer 23

Bronsted-Lowry

Question 24

acid is a proton ____

Answer 24

donor

Question 25

base is a proton _______

Answer 25

acceptor

Question 26

when acid and base react, the products are:

Answer 26

new acid new base

Question 27

division of acids based on their ability to donate a proton to the solvent

Answer 27

strong and weak acids

Question 28

almost completely transfers its proton to the solvent

Answer 28

strong acid

Question 29

example of a strong acid

Answer 29

hydrochloric acid (HCl) hydroiodic acid (HI) hydrobromic acid (HBr) nitric acid (HNO3) perchloric acid (HClO4) first proton of sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

Question 30

does not completely donate its acidic proton to the solvent.

Answer 30

weak acid

Question 31

most of the acid remains undissociated with only a small fraction present as the conjugate base.

Answer 31

weak acid

Question 32

examples of weak acid

Answer 32

hydrofluoric acid (HF) nitrous acid (HNO2) phosphoric acid (H3PO4) acetic acid (CH3COOH)