Phagocytosis Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is the first line of defence? Give an example.
Chemical and physical barriers such as the stomach acid and skin.
What is the second line of defence?
White blood cells.
What are the two types of response that white blood cells have?
Specific and non specific.
What is the specific response of a white blood cell?
Lymphocytes
What is the specific response of a white blood cell?
Phagocytes
What is a phagocyte?
A macrophage (a type of white blood cell) that carries out phagocytosis.
Where are phagocytes found?
In the blood and tissues.
What is meant by a nonspecific response?
Any non self cell that is detected will trigger the same response to destroy it.
Describe the process of phagocytosis.
1)Phagocyte is attracted by chemicals released by non-self cell or recognises foreign antigens on the non-self cell.
2)Phagocyte engulfs the pathogen by surrounding it with its cell membrane.
3)Pathogen is contained within a phagosome vesicle.
4)Lysosome fuses with phagosome and releases lysozymes (hydrolytic enzymes)
5)Lysozyme hydrolyses the pathogen.
6)The phagocyte becomes an antigen presenting cell.
What happens to the soluble products after being hydrolysed by the lysozymes?
They’re absorbed and used by the phagocyte. The antigen is placed on the cell surface membrane.
What is a lysozyme?
Hydrolytic enzyme
