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Pharm 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

H. pylori eradication plan

A

Omeprazole 20 mg BID +
Clarithromycin 500 mg BID +
Amoxicillin 1000 mg BID
X 14 days

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2
Q

Amoxicillin adverse reactions

A 
Anaphylaxis
SJS and erythema multiforme
C. diff diarrhea
N/V/D
candidiasis
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3
Q

Clarithromycin adverse reactions

A 
C. diff diarrhea
hepatotoxicity
QT prolongation
SJS
NVD
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4
Q

Omeprazole adverse reactions

A 
SJS
pancreatitis
fractures
hypomagnesemia (long term)
HA
NVD
B12 deficiency (long term)
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5
Q

omeprazole category

A

PPI

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6
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate indications

A

diarrhea

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7
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate special consideration

A

Black poops

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8
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate adverse reactions

A 
Reye syndrome
Black poops
black tongue
constipation
tinnitus
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9
Q

Chlorpromazine indications

A

antipsychotic
N/V
Intractable hiccups

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10
Q

Chlorpromazine adverse reactions

A 
tardive dyskinesia
leukopenia
drowsiness
xerostomia
constipation
sexual dysfunction
weight gain
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11
Q

Chlorpromazine MOA

A

D2 antagonist

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12
Q

Cimetidine indications

A

Duodenal ulcer

Gerd

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13
Q

Cimetidine mechanism

A

H2 blocker

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14
Q

Cimetidine adverse reactions

A 
agranulocytosis
headache
dizziness
diarrhea
gynecomastia
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15
Q

Clonidine indications

A

HTN
Cancer-related pain
antidiarrheal

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16
Q

Clonidine adverse reactions

A 
severe hypotension
syncope
AV block
somnolence
headache
nausea
constipation
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17
Q

clonidine MOA

A

Alpha 2 agonist

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18
Q

Diphenoxylate indications

A

antidiarrheal

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19
Q

Diphenoxylate adverse reactions

A

N/V
anorexia
confusion

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20
Q

Diphenoxylate MOA

A

binds opioid receptors

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21
Q

Loperamide indications

A

antidiarrheal

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22
Q

loperamide adverse reactions

A 
constipation
toxic megacolon
nausea
cramps
drowsiness
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23
Q

loperamide MOA

A

binds gut opiod receptors, increases anal sphincter tone

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24
Q

metoclopramide indications

A

chemo-related NV

gastroparesis

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25
metoclopramide adverse reactions
``` extrapyramidal sx drowsiness restlessness fatigue anxiety diarrhea nausea? ```
26
misoprostol indications
GI ulcer prevention chronic constipation cervical ripening early pregnancy termination with mifepristone
27
misoprostol adverse reactions
``` miscarriage diarrhea teratogenic nausea flatulence ```
28
misoprostol MOA
inhibits gastric acid secretion, prostaglandin analog
29
metoclopramide moa
antagonizes dopamine receptors, promotes ACH in gi tract
30
neostigmine MOA
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (promotes GI motility?)
31
octreotide indications
Secretory diarrhea | esophageal varices
32
octreotide adverse reactions
cholecystitis diarrhea flatulence
33
octreotide moa
inhibits GH, glucagon, insulin, LH, and VIP
34
omeprazole indications
GERD Ulcers H. pylori
35
omeprazole adverse reactions
``` anaphylaxis sjs headache abd pain nvd ```
36
ondansetron indications
chemo-related nv
37
ondansetron adverse reactions
``` sjs extrapyramidals headache constipation fatigue dizziness agitation ```
38
promethazine indications
nv | sedation
39
ondansetron moa
antagonizes serotonin receptors
40
promethazine adverse reactions
``` tissue damage extrapyramidal sx drowsiness confusion xerostomia ```
41
promethazine moa
antagonizes H1 receptors | anticholinergic
42
ranitidine indications
GERD | ulcers
43
ranitidine adverse reactions
``` headache diarrhea constipation xerostomia nv b12 deficiency ```
44
ranitidine moa
h2 antagonist
45
scopolamine indications
nv | vertigo
46
scopolamine moa
muscarine receptor antagonist
47
sucralfate indications
duodenal ulcer
48
sucralfate adverse reactions
anaphylaxis bezoars constipation
49
sucralfate moa
topical protection of ulcer site
50
alendronate indications
osteoporosis
51
alendronate special consideration
wait 30 minutes before lying down
52
alendronate moa
inhibits osteoclasts
53
lantus indications
DM1, | DM2
54
lantus adverse reactions
hypoglycemia | weight gain
55
lantus MOA
stimulates glucose uptake, inhibits gluconeogenisis
56
bisacodyl indications
constipation | bowel prep
57
bisacodyl adverse reactions
electrolyte imbalance | nvd
58
bisacodyl moa
increases peristalsis
59
depo-provera indications
contraception
60
depo-provera concerns
``` thrombus osteoporosis menstrual irregularity weight gain decreased libido ```
61
Depo-provera moa
inhibits pituitary gonadotropin release, transforms proliferative into secretory endometrium, prevents ovulation
62
depo-testosterone indications
hypogonadism
63
depo-testosterone adverse reaction
``` prostate ca priapism mi risk acne hirsutism male pattern baldness ```
64
docusate indications
stool softener
65
docusate adverse reactions
diarrhea cramps bitter taste
66
doxylamine indications
1g antihistamine
67
nexplanon indications
contraception
68
nexplanon adverse reactions
thrombus headache vaginitis menstrual irregularity
69
nexplanon moa
inhibits pituitary gonadotropin, ovulation, alters cervical mucus and endometrium
70
finasteride indications
BPH, male pattern baldness
71
finasteride adverse reactions
``` prostate ca infertility teratogenic impotence decreased libido orthostatic hypotension abnormal ejaculation gynecomastia ```
72
finasteride moa
5AR inhibitor (interferes with conversion of Testosterone to 5-dht
73
glipizide indications
DM2
74
glipizide adverse reactions
``` hypoglycemia agranulocytosis nvd nervousness tremor farts ```
75
glipizide moa
stimulates pancreatic islet beta cell insulin release
76
lactulose indications
constipation | portal systemic encephalopathy
77
lactulose adverse reactions
``` diarrhea electrolyte imbalance farts cramps nvd ```
78
lactulose moa
increases stool water content and acidity, traps NH4
79
levonorgestrel indications
emergency contraception
80
levonorgestrel adverse reactions
``` menstrual irregularity nvd breast tenderness headache fatigue abdominal pain ```
81
levonorgestrel moa
alters tubal transport of ova and/or sperm, preventing ovulation or fertilization, alters endometrium, possibly preventing implantation
82
levothyroxine indications
hypothyroidism, tsh suppression
83
levothyroxine adverse reactions
arrhytmias chf angina hyperthyroid stuff
84
metformin indications
DM2 | PCOS
85
metformin adverse reactions
``` lactic acidosis anemia (megaloblastic) nvd farts tummy pain metallic taste ovulation induction ```
86
metformin moa
decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption, increases insulin sensitivity
87
methimazole indications
hyperthyroidism
88
methimazole adverse reactions
``` agranulocytosis nv arthralgia alopecia hypothyroid stuff ```
89
methimazole moa
inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis
90
mirena adverse reactions
``` ectopic preg. perf amenorrhea ovarian cysts pain depression breast tenderness decreased libido ```
91
mirena moa
may thicken cervical ucus may alter endometrium may inhibit sperm survival
92
norgestimate / ethinyl estradiol aka
ortho cyclen
93
norgestimate / ethinyl estradiol adverse reactions
``` thrombus nv bleeding irregularities htn emotional lability weight changes ```
94
norgestimate / ethinyl estradiol moa
suppresses lh and fsh, inhibits ovulation, alters cervical mucus and endometrium
95
pioglitazone indications
DM2
96
pioglitazone adverse reactions
``` chf hepatotoxicity macular edema URI headache farts ```
97
pioglitazone moa
increases insulin sensitivity
98
polyethylene glycol indications
osmotic laxative
99
polyethylene glycol adverse reactions
``` electrolyte imbalance dependence nvd farts cramps ```
100
premarin indications
menopausal symptom control vaginal atrophy prevent menopausal osteoporosis
101
premarin adverse reactions
``` stroke mi htn Ca Ca Ca mood many others ```
102
psyllium adverse reactions
obstruction constipation diarrhea
103
repaglinide indications
DM2
104
repaglinide adverse reactions
``` sjs thrombocytopenia headache nvd constipation tooth disorder ```
105
repaglinide moa
stimulates pancreatic islet beta cell insulin release
106
senna indications
laxative
107
senna adverse reactions
``` nausea diarrhea farts urine discoloration melanosis coli ```
108
senna moa
increases peristalsis
109
sildenafil indications
pulmonary HTN | ED
110
sildenafil adverse reactions
hypotension priapism headache epistaxis
111
sildenafil moa
enhances nitric oxide
112
tamoxifen indications
BrCa ovulation induction mastalgia
113
tamoxifen adverse reactions
``` thrombi uterine fibroids hot flashes nv anorexia headache vaginal discharge ```
114
tamoxifen moa
selectively binds estrogen receptors, some estrogenic and some anti estrogenic effects
115
tamsulosin indications
bph | nephrolithiasis
116
tamsulosin adverse reactions
``` orthostatic hypotension sjs abnormal ejaculation back pain decreased libido somnolence ```
117
abx commonly responsible for C. diff
clindamycin cephalosporins amoxicillins
118
Sitagliptin indications
Dm2
119
Exenatide indications
Dm2
120
Exenatide moa
Activates glp1 receptor
121
Exenatide adverse reactions
Nvd Constipation Nephrotoxicity Pancreatitis
122
Sitagliptin adverse reactions
Sjs Uri Headache Abdominal pain
123
Sitagliptin moa
Increases insulin synthesis
124
Propylthiouracil indications
Hyperthyroidism
125
Propothiouracil adverse reactions
``` Sjs Fever Nv Fever Vasculitis ```
126
Propylthiouracil moa
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis
127
Desmopressin indication
Diabetes insipidus
128
Desmopressin adverse reactions
Bp changes Abdominal pain Water intoxication
129
Desmopressin moa
Synthetic adh
130
Medroxyprogesterone indications
Amenorrhea Abnormal uterine bleeding Postmenopausal endometrial hyperplasia prevention
131
Medroxyprogesterone adverse reactions
Stroke Mi Ca ca ca Lots of discomfort
132
Medroxyprogesterone moa
Inhibits pituitary gonadotropin release

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