Pharm 1

Question 1

Epinephrine

Answer 1

Adrenergic AGONIST   
alpha=beta
Increase heart rate
Side effects: Tachycardia, Anxiety, increase BP
Contraindications: NONE
Precautions: Arrhythmia, Hypertension
Toxicity: Fatal Arrhythmias

Question 2

Norepinephrine

Answer 2

Adrenergic AGONIST
alpha>beta
Vasopressor= Increases BP and Blood Glucose
Side Effects: Elevated BP, Tachycardia, Anxiety
Contraindications: Poor organ perfusion
Precaution: Kidney perfusion in shock

Question 3

Isoproterenol

Answer 3

Adrenergic AGONIST
Increase HR, PUMPING action, Cardiac output
Clinical: Treat chock, Increase CO
Side Effect: Tachycardia, Chest pain
Contra: Tachycardia, Angina
Caution: Cardiac disease, arrhythmias
toxicity: tachycardia, arrhythmia

Question 4

Amphetamine

Answer 4

Adrenergic AGONIST
like epinephrine but orally active, long lasting
Clinical: ADD, ADHD, Sever depression, weight loss
Side Effects: Increased BP, Decreased HR, Palpitations
Contraindications: V tach, HTN
Toxicity: Tachycardia, Arhythmias

Question 5

Cocaine

Answer 5

Adrenergic AGONIST properties
Blocks conduction of nerve impulses following local application.
Potent CNS stimulant
Blocks re-uptake of catecholamines (epi, NE, dopamine) at adrenergic receptors

Vasoconstriction in upper respiratory (former topical anesthetic)
SE: cardiotoxicity, vasoconstriction = MI
Contra: VF, Sensitivity to other anesthetics
Toxicity: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

Question 6

Phenylephrine

Answer 6

Adrenergic AGONIST
pure alpha
Topical NASAL decongestant
Systemic nasal decongestant
Adverse: HTN
Contra: HTN, stroke
Caution: HTN

Question 7

Pseudoephedrine

Answer 7

Adrenergic AGONIST
alpha>beta
Vasoconstrict, modest HR effector
Systemic decongestant
Methamphetamine precursor

Adverse: Tachycardia, HTN
Contra: HTN
Caution/Tosic: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

Question 8

Clonidine

Answer 8

“Clondike” thermostat
Adrenergic ANTagonist
Clinical: treat HTN, narcotic withdrawal, Chronic pain
Side effects: sedation, orthostatic Hypotension, dry mouth
Contraindications: NONE
Cautions: Cardiovascular disease, decrease renal function,
Rebound HTN

Question 9

Doxazosin

Answer 9

Adrenergic BLOCKER
alpha 1
Treats: Hypertension and Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Side Effects: First dose syncope, dizziness, ortho hypoTN
Caution: ortho-hTN

Question 10

PropranOLOL

Answer 10

Beta BLOCKER
B1=B2
Clinical: treat Angina, HTN, Tachycardia, Tremor
Adverse: Bradycardia, HypoTN, Heart Block, Fatigue,
Sexual dysfunction

Question 11

AtenOLOL

Answer 11

Beta BLOCKER

treats: HTN, and tachycardia

Question 12

Albuterol

Answer 12

Beta AGONIST
Clinical: Bronchodilator for asthma, COPD, Bronchitis
Adverse: Tachycardia, Tremors, Anxiety, Increase BP

Question 13

LabetOLOL

Answer 13

Beta BLOCKER
Adrenergic ANtagonist
Clinical: Anti-Hypertensive

Question 14

MAO Inhibitor

Answer 14

Interferes with re-uptake of Epi, NE, Dopamine

Question 15

AcetylCHOLINE

Answer 15

Cholinergic AGONIST
Clinical: NONE
Side effects: SLUDGE, pupil constrict
Contra: NA
Cautions: NA
broken down too fast

Question 16

BethaneCHOL

Answer 16

oral Cholinergic AGONIST
Clinical: Urinary retention, Reverse anticholinergic agents,
Treat Ileus (paralyzed bowel syndrome)
Side effects: cholinergic SLUDGE pupil constrict
Contra: Insecticide/Nerve gas poisoning
Cautions: Pts with diarrhea, IBS, arrhythmias
Toxicity: Overdose= arrhythmias

Question 17

Physostigmine

Answer 17

cholinergic AGONIST
Inhibits AChE (=prolongs ACh in body)
Clinical: Eye drops to treat glaucoma
Decrease intraocular pressure
Treat poisoning w/ significant ant-ACh properties
Side effects: SLUDGE pupil constrict
Contra: narrow angle glaucoma
Caution: Pts with diarrhea or IBS
Toxicity: usually minor, they’re Eye drops

Question 18

Pilocarpine

Answer 18

Cholinergic AGONIST
Decrease intraocular pressure
Reverse pupil dilation
Clinical: Treat glaucoma
              Oral eye drop for dry mouth (xerostomia)
Side effects: SLUDGE constrict pupil

Question 19

Atropine

Answer 19

“dry pine”
Cholinergic ANTagonist (muscarinic/parasympathetic)
Clinical: treats bradycardia
treatment for “AChE inhibitor”
Side effects: Dry mouth, urinary retention
Contra: none
Cautions: anticholinergic side effects, Tachycardia
droopy eye lids/mouth myacthenia gravis

Question 20

Scopolamine

Answer 20

cholinergic ANTagonist (muscarinic/parasympathetic)
Clinical: Prevent nausea (sea sickness)
Side effects: dry mouth, urinary retention,
mydriasis (big pupil)
Contra: bradycardia
Caution: anti-cholinergic side effects

Question 21

Ipratropium

Answer 21

cholinergic ANTagonist
Relieves bronchoconstriction
Reduces secretions in chronic bronchitis
Clinical: Respiratory inhalant for Asthma, COPD
Side effects: dry mouth, urinary retention
Precaution: some cardia arrhythmias
Toxicity: some cardiac arrhythmia

Question 22

Oxybutynin

Answer 22

cholinergic ANTagonist (muscarinic/parasympathetic)
Clinical: overactive bladder/urge incontinence
Side effects: dry mouth, urinary retention
Contraindications: bradycardia
Cautions: anticholinergic side effects