Pharm 2

Question 1

organophosphate sx vs dx vs tx

Answer 1

diarrhea, miosis/mm fasc, bronchoconstrict, sweats, paralysis; cog disturb w/ 6h, resp fail vs CHE/BuCHE/AchE activity vs airway, atropine, AC/lavage, Na bicarb/Mg, pralidoxime/2PAM

Question 2

ciguatera fish poisoning

Answer 2

ciguatoxin from contaminated w/ dinoflagellates -> bioaccum -> neuroexcite/depol; heat & acid resistant toxins -> cooking won’t help. GI & neuro sxs, cold allodynia. supportive tx

Question 3

scombroid vs mushroom poison

Answer 3

poorly refrig fish -> histidine to histamine -> allergy rxn vs amatoxins, jaundice, acute renal fail. tx = no antidote, liver transplant

Question 4

acute vs chronic radiation syndrome.

Answer 4

3ad: GI, hem, neuro. tx = supportive, blood transfusion, abx vs GI, skin, neuro, ca; Kyshtym -> skin sloughing.

Question 5

how to tx rad tox

Answer 5

decontamination, supportive (abx, IVF, transplant), free radical scavengers, GCSF/-stim for dmged bone marrow, transfusion if severe, internal contamination (KI, Prussian blue, DPTA)

Question 6

lionfish vs cnidarian vs box jellyfish

Answer 6

extreme pain, tingling, sweating vs erythema, burning pain, HS. tx w/ seawater or vinegar, hot or ice pack, topical hydrocortisone for both vs porous cells -> hyperK -> cardiac collapse

Question 7

APAP vs salicylate tox

Answer 7

deplete glutathione -> can’t excrete APAP -> hep, jaundice, renal; high AST/ALT & bili -> tx w/ N acetylcys vs uncouple [O] phosphorylation -> hypervent/thermia, hypoK, metab acid -> tx w/ AC/lav/irrig, NaHCO3, hemodialysis

Question 8

MOA isoret vs spirono. AE iver vs clasco vs doxy vs isoret

Answer 8

inhib seb gland fxn vs inhib sebum prod. pruritus, urt vs dry skin, red, pruritus vs CDAD vs psych, visual, hepatotox, 2 forms contraception

Question 9

AE PDE4I apremilast vs acitretin

Answer 9

diarrhea, wt loss, depression vs psych, hepatotox

Question 10

elim: diuresis vs hemoperfusion vs hemodialysis vs urinary pH

Answer 10

yep vs adsorbent (resins, activated carbon), lipid sol drugs (barb, sedatives, digitalis) vs water sol drugs (m/ethanol/ene glycol, salicylates, Li, theo), severe or extended release vs alk -> weak acids, salicylates, phenobarbital, IV NaHCO3

Question 11

herbicides: chlorophenoxy vs glycophosphate vs paraquat

Answer 11

Agent Orange -> coma, hypotonia; nonHodgkin vs eyes & skin irrit vs ROS -> hematesis, bloody stools, pulm fib/edema, resp distress; Parkinson; tx w/ lav & adsorbents