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Pharm Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between topical and transdermal drug therapy?

A 
Topical = dermal issue
Transdermal = systemic issue
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2
Q

What is the correct order of most to least moisturizing vehicles?

A 
Occlusive dressing
Ointment
Cream 
Lotion
Gel 
Spray 
Solution
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3
Q

When should a wet dressing be used?

A

With an oozing/weeping wound to promote evaporation

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4
Q

Which acne medications reduce the number of bacteria on the skin?

A

Benzoyl peroxide
Topical abx
Oral abx

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5
Q

Which acne medications reduce sebum production or presence?

A

Benzoyl peroxide

Isotretinoin

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6
Q

Which acne medications increase cell turnover?

A

Benzoyl peroxide
Tretinoin
Adalapene
Salicylic acid

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7
Q

What is a low concentration of salicylic acid used for?

A

Abnormal keratinization i.e. corns

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8
Q

What is a medium concentration of salicylic acid used for?

A

Skin peeling

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9
Q

What is a high concentration of salicylic acid used for?

A

Caustic effects i.e. plantar warts

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10
Q

What is the MOA of finasteride?

A

Inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

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11
Q

What is the MOA of minoxidil?

A

Stimulates follicles, follicular cycling, and VEGF

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12
Q

What is the MOA of eflronithine?

A

Inhibits enzyme responsible for hair cell division

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13
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of the head and neck or one arm or hands and feet?

A

15gm

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14
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of the head and neck or one arm or hands and feet?

A

30gm

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15
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of the head and neck or one arm or hands and feet?

A

45gm

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16
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of the trunk?

A

80gm

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17
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of the trunk?

A

160gm

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18
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of the trunk?

A

240gm

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19
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of one leg?

A

30gm

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20
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of one leg?

A

90gm

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21
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of one leg?

A

120gm

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22
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of the body?

A

180gm

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23
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of the body?

A

454gm

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24
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of the body?

A

454gm

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25
What factors are decreased in elderly skin?
Blood flow Sebaceous glands Sweat glands
26
What do these decreased factors lead to?
Thin and damaged skin w/increased risk for systemic absorption of topical agents leading to toxicity
27
What are the ASEs of topical corticosteroids?
Skin atrophy Telangiectasia Striae
28
When are topical corticosteroids CI?
Skin breaks/infections
29
What drugs are considered miscellaneous topical antipruritics?
Pramoxine Diphenhydramine Doxepin
30
What are the ASEs of pramoxine?
Burning | Rash
31
What formulation of diphenhydramine should be used?
PO
32
Is pramoxine available OTC or Rx only?
OTC
33
What formulation of doxepin should be used?
Cream
34
Is doxepine available OTC or Rx only?
Rx only
35
What is the ASE of azelaic acid?
Lightens skin
36
What are the ASEs of benzoyl peroxide?
Drying | Bleaches clothing
37
What are the ASEs of tretinoin?
Skin irritation | Photosensitivity
38
What are the additional ASEs of isotretinoin?
Depression | Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy
39
What is the benefit of adalapene?
Less skin irritation than tretinoin
40
What is calcipotriene used for?
1st line tx psoriasis
41
When should calcipotriene be taken?
AM
42
What are the ASEs of calcipotriene?
Hypercalcemia
43
What is tazarotene used for?
Psoriasis
44
When should tazarotene be taken?
PM
45
What are the ASEs of tazarotene?
Skin irritation | Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy
46
What is coal tar used for?
Psoriasis
47
What are the ASEs of coal tar?
Smell | Staining
48
What is a benefit of coal tar?
Cheap
49
What must be done to coal tar prior to use?
Dilution
50
What is acitretin used for?
Severe psoriasis refractory to treatment
51
What is the ASE of acitretin?
Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy within 3 years
52
What is etanercept used for?
Psoriatic arthritis
53
What are the disadvantages of etanercept?
Systemic | Expensive
54
What are the ASEs of finasteride?
``` Sexual dysfunction Gynecomastia Testicular pain Depression Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy ```
55
What are the benefits of minoxidil?
Shorter duration of tx | Less ASEs: contact dermatitis only
56
What are the disadvantages of eflornithine?
Expensive Rx only 3rd line tx s/p OCPs/spironolactone
57
What are the ASEs of podophyllotoxin resin?
Necrosis Ulceration Chemical burns (cervix and vagina)
58
What are the benefits of podophyllotoxin?
Self application
59
What is permethrin used for?
1st line tx lice and scabies
60
What is ivermectin used for?
Lice >6mo
61
What are the benefits to ivermectin?
One time application | PO formulation
62
What is spinosad used for?
Lice >6mo
63
What is lindane used for?
Lice and scabies >2yo
64
What is the ASE of lindane limiting its use?
CNS toxicity
65
What is malathion used for?
Lice >6yo
66
What is crotamiton used for?
2nd line tx scabies
67
What organisms does bacitracin cover?
Gram positive
68
What organisms do gentamicin, neomycin, and polymyxin B cover?
Gram negative
69
What is the ASE of neomycin?
Increased skin irritation
70
What is silver sulfadiazene used for?
Burns
71
What is erythromycin/clarithromycin used for?
Acne
72
What is mupirocin used for?
Impetigo d/t MRSA
73
What are the available formulations of nystatin?
Suspension Cream Ointment
74
What is nystatin used for?
Candidiasis
75
What are the available formulations of clotrimazole?
Powder | Cream
76
What is clotrimazole used for?
Tinea versicolor
77
What are the available formulations of terbinafine?
Powder Cream Oral
78
What is terbinafine used for?
Tinea pedis | Onychomycosis

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