pharm chart Flashcards
Sulfonylureas 2nd Generation
Glipizide [Glucotrol]
Glipizide [Glucotrol] MOA
Stimulates
pancreatic β-cell
release of insulin
Glipizide [Glucotrol] Indications
T2DM
Meglitinides
Non-Sulfonylurea
Secretagogue
Repaglinide
[Prandin]
MOA of Repaglinide
[Prandin]
binds to sulfonylurea receptor on β-cell to stimulate insulin release
Indications of Repaglinide
[Prandin]
T2DM if sulfa allergy;
↓post-prandial glucose;
↓ A1c 0.6-1.9
↓ Gluc 65-75mg/Dl
Amylin (β-cell)–> released in response to ↑ blood glucose
o Inhibits gastric emptying
o Inhibits glucagon release
Amylin analog
Amylin analog
Pramlintide [Symlin]
MOA of Pramlintide
[Symlin]
Amylin analogue
↓gastric emptying, ↓glucagon secretion, ↓appetite
Indications of Pramlintide
[Symlin]
T1DM, T2DM ↓ postprandial glucose levels
↓ A1c 0.4-0.5
Incretin mimetic: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist (GLP-1)
Synthetic analogue
What are the two drugs?
Exenatide [Byetta]
Liraglutide [Victoza]
MOA of Exenatide
[Byetta]
↑insulin release;
↓glucagon release;
↓gastric emptying;
↓appetite
Indications of Exenatide
[Byetta]
T2DM w/ metformin,
+/- sulfonylurea to lower postprandial glucose levels
↓ A1c 0.5 - 1.0%
MOA of Liraglutide
[Victoza]
↑insulin release; ↓glucagon release; ↓gastric emptying; ↓appetite ↑ β-cell growth/replication
Indications of Liraglutide
[Victoza]
T2DM w/ metformin,
+/- sulfonylurea to
lower postprandial glucose levels
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors
DPP-4 Inhibitors
Sitagliptin
[Januvia]
MOA of Sitagliptin
[Januvia]
Inhibits DPP-4 to reduce degradation of GLP-1 –> incr levels of GLP-1; reduces postprandial glucose levels
Indications of Sitagliptin
[Januvia]
T2DM
Rapid Acting Insulin
Lispro
[Humalog]
MOA of Lispro
[Humalog]
insulin replacement,
supplement
Indications of Lispro
[Humalog]
T1DM
T2DM
Short-Acting
Insulin
Regular
[Humulin-R]
MOA of Regular
[Humulin-R]
insulin replacement,
supplement
Indications of Regular
[Humulin-R]
T1DM
T2DM