Pharm- Diuretic Flashcards
(27 cards)
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor- Name of drug
Acetazolamide
CA Inhibitor- Mechanism & site of action
Proximal convoluted tubuleInhibits CA. Decreased ability to exchange Na+ for H+
CA Inibitor- Indications
GlaucomaAltitude sicknessNephrotoxicity
CA Inhibitor- Contraindications
Metabolic acidosishypokalemia
Osmotic diuretics- name of drug
Mannitol
Osmotic diuretics- mechanism and site of action
Descending loop of henle
-Does not affect Na+, carries H2O through osmosis
Osmotic diuretics- Indications
Intracranial pressureDrug toxicityRenal failure
Osmotic diuretis- contraindications
extracellular H2O expansiondehydration
Thiazides- Names of drugs
- Hydrochlorothyazide
- Chlorthalidone
Thiazides- Mechanism and site of action
Distal convoluted tubule
-Inhibit Na+ Cl- transporterLoss of K+ & Mg+Decreased Ca+ excretion, decreased PV pressure
Thiazides- Indications
- HTN
-HF - hypercalciuria
DM-1
Thiazides- contraindications
HyponatremiaHypokalemiaHyperuricemiaHypercalcemiaHyperglycemiaHyperlipidemia
Loop diuretics- Names
- Furosemide
- ethycryic acid
Loop diurecs- Site & mechanism of action
Ascending loopInhibit cotransport of Na+/K+/Cl-Decrease renal vascular resistanceIncrease prostaglandin synthesis
Loop diuretics- Indications
First choice for HF
Loop diuretics- Contraindications
- ototoxicity
- hypovolemia, -decreased BP
- hyperuricemia
- gout
- decreased K+ and Mg+
Potassium sparing- name
- Spironolactone,
- triamterene,
- amiloride hydrochloride
Potassium sparing- site and mech of action
- Collecting duct
- Inhibit Na+ reabsorption- stop edema
- Aldosterone antagonist
Potassium sparing- indicaitons
- Heart failure- prevent heart remodeling
- potassium sparing function,
- Decrease arrhythmias
Potassium sparing- side effects
- gynecomastia!
- dizziness
- hyperkalemia
- Caution in decreased renal fxn
Volume depletion
Too much diuretic- orthostatic hypotension, dizziness
Hypokalemia
Loss of K+- loop diuretics and thiazides Cause cardiac arrythmias
Hyperkalemia
Excess K+- spironolactone- aldosterone inhibitors
Hyperuricemia
Thiazides and loop diuretics decrease renal secretion of uric acid- gout
