Pharm Exam #3 (Antilipidemic) Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are statins mode of action?
Decreases LDL levels and increases HDL levels
What are the side effects of statin?
Hepatotoxicity, GI upset, muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis (muscle pain, dark/reddish urine, weakness, decreased amount of urine)
When should a patient take their statin medication?
With their evening meal because cholesterol is synthesized at night
What should you monitor during statin therapy?
Creatinine kinase and liver function
What are statins used for?
Hypercholesteremia and coronary heart disease
What should a patient avoid during statin therapy?
Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice
What is cholestyramine (colesevelam) used for?
Treats hypercholesterolemia
What is cholestyramine (colesevelam) mode of action?
Bind to bile acids in the intestines which helps increase excretion of cholesterol to bring down LDL levels
What are the side effects of cholestyramine (colesevelam)?
Constipation and GI upset
Which vitamins does cholestyramine (colesevelam) therapy interfere with?
Fat-soluble vitamins (Vitamins A, D, E, and K)
How can a patient treat cholestyramine (colesevelam) symptoms?
Patient can increase their fiber and fluid intake
How should cholestyramine (colesevelam) be taken?
With food and a full glass of water
What is gemfibrozil used for?
Treats hypercholesterolemia
What is the mode of action of gembibrozil?
Decreases triglyceride production and transport and increases HDL levels
What are the side effects of gemfibrozil?
Gallstones, GI upset, hepatotoxicity, and muscle pain
When should gemfibrozil be taken?
Take 30 minutes before breakfast and dinner
What should you monitor during gemfibrozil therapy?
Monitor liver function
What is niacin (water-soluble vitamin, B3) mode of action?
Decreases lipoprotein and triglyceride synthesis
What does niacin (B3) treat?
Treats hypercholesterolemia
What are some side effects of niacin?
Flushing of the face, GI upset, pruritis, hepatotoxicity, hyperglycemia
What should you monitor for during gemfibrozil therapy? It should be used cautiously in which patients?
Monitor liver function and use cautiously in patients with diabetes
