pharm final

Question 1

What are Antilipemic drugs

Answer 1

Used to lower lipid levels in the blood reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Question 2

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)

Answer 2

Used to lower LDL cholesterol

Most effective for lowering cholesterol

Question 3

Common Statin Drugs

Answer 3

-ends in “-statin”

-Atorvastatin
-Simvastatin
-Rosuvastatin

Question 4

Fibric Acid (Fibrates)

Answer 4

Used to lower triglycerides

Question 5

Common Fibric Acid drugs

Answer 5

-has “-fib”
-Genfibrozil
-Fenofibrate

Question 6

Bile Acid (BABA)

Answer 6

Lower LDL’s

Question 7

Bile Acid drugs

Answer 7

-has “chole” “cole”
-Cholestyramine
-Colestipol
-Colesevelam

Question 8

Considerations for BABA drugs

Answer 8

It can interfere with the absorption of other medications and fat-soluble vitamins like ADEK

If taken with other medications take 1 hr before or 4-6 hours after

Question 9

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Answer 9

Used to lower LDL by preventing the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine

Can often be used with statins for enhanced effect

Question 10

Common Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor drugs

Answer 10

-Ezetimibe

Question 11

Niacin (Vitamin B3)

Answer 11

Used to lower LDL and triglycerides, but raises HDL

Question 12

Common drugs for Niacin

Answer 12

Niacin

Question 13

Omega-3 fatty acids

Answer 13

Used to lower triglycerides

Question 14

What are Antiparkinson drugs used for

Answer 14

Antiparkinson drugs are used to manage the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, which is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremors, bradykinesia, and postural instability

Question 15

Dopaminergic Agents

Answer 15

Increases dopamine levels or mimic its action to improve motor symptoms

Question 16

Dopaminergic agent drugs

Answer 16

Levodopa/Carbidopa
-effective in controlling bradykinesia and rigidity
(avoid high protein meals bc it can interfere with absorption)

Question 17

MAO-B Inhibitors

Answer 17

avoid the breakdown of dopamine extending its effect

Question 18

Common MAO-B drugs

Answer 18

-Selegiline
-Rasagiline

Question 19

COMT Inhibitors

Answer 19

Prolong the effect of levodopa by avoiding its breakdown

Question 20

Common COMT drugs

Answer 20

-Entacapone
-Tolcapone

Question 21

Anticholinergics

Answer 21

Reduce tremors and rigidity by blocking acetylcholine

Question 22

Common Anticholinergic drugs

Answer 22

-Benztropine
-Trihexyphenidyl

Question 23

What is Penicillinase used for ?

Answer 23

Used against gram-positive bacteria like streptococcus

Question 24

What is Vancomycin used for?

Answer 24

Used to treat serious infections caused by gram-positive bacteria like MRSA

Question 25

What are Sulfonamides used for ?

Answer 25

Used to treat urinary tract infections and some respiratory infections

Question 26

What are Quinolone's used for ?

Answer 26

Used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections like urinary tract and respiratory

Question 27

What does RSV stand for ?

Answer 27

Respiratory Synctial Virus

Question 28

Ribavirin

Answer 28

treatment of severe RSV infection in infants and immunocompromised patients

Question 29

short term SE of Ribavirin

Answer 29

Bronchospasm, cough, nasal congestionl

Question 30

long term SE of Ribavirin

Answer 30

Hemolytic anemia

Question 31

Acyclovir

Answer 31

Treatment of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Question 32

Short term SE of Acyclovir

Answer 32

Nausea, vomiting, headache

Question 33

Long term SE of Acyclovir

Answer 33

Nephrotoxicity and neurological effects

Question 34

Zidovudine

Answer 34

Treatment of HIV infection

Question 35

Short term SE of Zidovudine

Answer 35

Nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue

Question 36

Long term SE of Zidovudine

Answer 36

Bone marrow suppression, myopathy, lactic acidosis

Question 37

Echinacea

Answer 37

Boosting the immune system, treating colds and upper respiratory infections

Question 38

St. John's Wort

Answer 38

Depression, anxiety, sleep disorders

Question 39

Garlic

Answer 39

Lowers cholesterol, blood pressure regulation, immune support

Question 40

Ginger

Answer 40

Nausea, motion sickness, digestive issues

Question 41

Ginko Biloba

Answer 41

Cognitive function improvement, memory enhancement, peripheral artery disease

Question 42

Valerian Root

Answer 42

Insomnia, anxiety, stress

Question 43

Cranberry

Answer 43

Urinary tract infection (prevention), kidney stones

Question 44

Chamomile

Answer 44

Anxiety, insomnia, gastrointestinal discomfort

Question 45

Goldenseal

Answer 45

Immune support, digestive disorders, upper respiratory infections

Question 46

Kava

Answer 46

Anxiety, stress, insomnia, muscle relaxation

Question 47

Antacids

Answer 47

Relief of heartburn, ingestion, and acid reflux

Question 48

MOA of Antacids

Answer 48

Neutralize stomach acid by raising the pH of the stomach contents

Question 49

Examples of Antacids

Answer 49

Tums, Maalox, Mylanta

Question 50

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Answer 50

Treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Question 51

MOA of Proton Pump Inhibitors

Answer 51

inhibit the proton pump in the stomach lining, reducing the production of gastric acid

Question 52

Examples of Proton Pump Inhibitors

Answer 52

Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, Lansoprazole

Question 53

Pro-kinetics

Answer 53

Treatment of GERD, gastroparesis

Question 54

MOA of Pro-kinetics

Answer 54

Enhances gastrointestinal motility, accelerates gastric emptying