Pharm Final Flashcards
(126 cards)
Match the following respiratory system related drug classes with their prototype drug: Xanthines Inhaled Steroids Antitussives Sympathomimetics
Xanthines: Theophylline
Inhaled Steroids: Budesonide
Antitussives: Dextromethorphan
Sypmathomimetics: Albuterol
The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen that occurs within the body is an essential part of homeostasis. When referring to this gas exchange event the nurse would use the term:
Respiration
When describing gas exchange, the nurse should teach a client that oxygen and carbon dioxide enter and leave the body by what method?
Diffusion
The nurse is caring for a client whose respiratory rate has increased from 21 to 32 breaths/minute. This change in status is ultimately caused by what?
Stimulation by the medulla
The nurse is teaching a class about common upper respiratory infections to parents of preschoolers. The nurse should cite what examples? Select all that apply.
Pharyngitis
Sinusitis
Common Cold
A client presents to the clinic with a dry nonproductive cough. The client is diagnosed with bronchitis and it has been determined that assistance is needed in thinning the sputum so the cough can become productive. What does the nurse expect the provider will prescribe?
Guaifensin
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just undergone an invasive abdominal surgery. The patient reports severe pain at the incision site when coughing and has requested an antitussive. The nurse provides education about using an antitussive in this situation and recognizes that the patient understands the teaching when he states:
“Coughing is important after surgery to help prevent post operative pneumonia.”
A patient with sinus pressure and pain related to seasonal rhinitis would benefit from taking:
Pseudoephedrine
A client calls a nurse help line and states he has been taking an OTC decongestant containing pseudoephedrine. The client states he has been feeling strange since taking the medication and wonders if the medication is causing his symptoms. The nurse knows that adverse reactions related to pseudoephedrine include:
Tachycardia
Nervousness
Insomnia
A nurse is participating in education with parents of a six year old child who was just diagnosed with asthma. The nurse explains that asthma is characterized by what factors?
Bronchospasm
Inflammation
Hyperactive Airways
A client is admitted with an asthma attack caused by an allergic reaction to a medication. The nurse is aware that this severe allergic response is triggered by the immediate release of what?
Histamine
The nurse is developing the teaching portion of a care plan for a client with asthma. What would be an important component for the nurse to emphasize?
chronic inhalation of nonallergic inhaled irritants can trigger an attack
A client has been diagnosed with asthma and prescribed inhaled steroids. What should the nurse teach the client about this treatment?
inhaled corticosteroids should not be used on an emergency basis
An inhaled sympathomimetic drug has been ordered for a teenage athlete who has exercise-induced asthma. What should the client be instructed to do?
Use the inhaler 30 to 60 minutes before exercising
The client is a 34-year-old man who recently started taking theophylline. The nurse knows that medication teaching has been successful when he agrees to what activity?
Avoiding beverages that contain caffeine
The nurse is caring for a 38-year-old client with asthma who has been started on albuterol. What assessment finding should the nurse most likely attribute to adverse medication effects?
The client’s heart rate is 99 beats/minute.
What action does an inhaled beta adrenergic agent (which is a sympathomimetic), like albuterol, have on patients with respiratory conditions such as asthma?
Bronchodilation
Ipratroprium (Atrovent) is an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator. What is the mechanism of action for Ipratroprium that treats patients with respiratory conditions such as asthma?
They block the cholinergic effect of bronchial constriction by the vagus nerve
All of the following orders (in the responses below) are received for a patient having an acute asthma attack. Which one will the nurse administer first?
Albuterol (Ventolin) 2.5 mg per nebulizer
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with all of the following characteristics except:
hyperactivity of airways in response to inhaled irritants
A 70-year-old man is being treated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with theophylline (Theo-Dur). What will be a priority assessment by the nurse?
Use of Nicotine
A client with pneumonia is receiving supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. The client’s history includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease. Because of these findings, the nurse closely monitors the oxygen flow and the client’s respiratory status. Which complication may arise if the client receives a high oxygen concentration?
Apnea
A patient with COPD tells the nurse, “at home, I only have to use an Albuterol (Proventil) inhaler. Why did the doctor add an Ipratropium (Atrovent) inhaler while I’m in the hospital?” The appropriate response by the nurse is:
“Atrovent works differently to deflate the bronchi, and the two drugs together are more effective”
A patient with many adverse reactions to drugs is tried on Budesonide for treatment of bronchospasm. For the first three days the patient does not notice any improvement. The nurse should:
encourage the patient to continue the drug for 2-3 weeks
