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Boards Drugs > Pharm General > Flashcards

Pharm General Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

alpha 1

A

Gq

-Causes smooth muscle constriticion. (arterioles, dilator, bladder)

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2
Q

alpha 2

A

Gi

  • Autoreceptor, inhibits outflow
  • Minimizes lipolysis and insulin secretion
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3
Q

B1

A

Gs

-Heart, Renin release from Kidneys, Lipolysis

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4
Q

B2

A
  • Gs
  • Smooth muscle relaxation, insulin release, lipolysis
  • Decrease uterine and bronchial smooth muscle tone
  • Increase Aqueous humor prouction
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5
Q

D1

A
  • Renal blood flow

- Parkinsons

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6
Q

D2

A
  • Gi

- Schizophrenics have too much

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7
Q

H1-

A

Gq

-Increases nasal and larimal secretions and pruritis

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8
Q

H2

A

Gs

-Gastric acid secretion

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9
Q

V1

A

Gq

Vasculature

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10
Q

V2

A

Gs

ADH receptor in kidney lead to increased water resportpition

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11
Q

Bethanacol

A
  • Direct Ach Agonist

- Used in post operative ileus and bladder paralysis

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12
Q

Pilocarpine

A
  • AchR gonist, strong
  • Used for acute angle closure glaucoma
  • Constricts cilliary and sphinter pupillae allowing for flow of aqueous humor
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13
Q

Carbachol

A

-AchR agonist, weaker version of pilocapine

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14
Q

Methacholine

A

-Asthma challenge AchR agonist

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15
Q

Neostigmine

A

AchE inhibitor dose not cross BBB

-Used to treat MG, Post operative NM blockade, postoperative ileus

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16
Q

Pyridostigmin

A

Same as neo. MG ans postoperative NMJ blockade are two main indication

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17
Q

Edrophonium

A

short acting

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18
Q

Donepazil

A

-Increase Ach in alzheimers disease

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19
Q

Physostigmine

A

-Crosses BBB, used to treat atropine/jimsom weed overdose

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20
Q

Organophaosphate

A
  • irreversible AchE inhibitor cause overactivation of AchR

- Treat with atropine and praladoxime

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21
Q

Atropine, tropicamaide

A
  • Block AchR
  • Used in acetylcholine toxicity
  • Also used to dilate eyes for opthalmologic exam
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22
Q

Benztropine

A

-Used to treat tremor in parkinsons

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23
Q

Scopolamine

A

CNS

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24
Q

Ipra/triproum

A

-Block AchR in bronchial airway and improve asthma

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25
Oxybutinin
Used to treat urgency, decrease bladder constriction
26
glycopyrralate
-Used to decrease airway secretions pre procedurally
27
Epinephrine
- Alpha and beta agonist | - Used to treat anaphylaxis, asthma, open angle glaucoma, not closed angle
28
Norepinehprine
Specific for alpha, 1 more than 2. Also has beta 1 - Causes vasoconstriction with decreased renal perfusion, also causes sphincter constriction - Given to treat hypotension
29
Isoproteranol
- Beta specific | - Used to treat torsades and bradychardia
30
Dopamine
- Binds all, including D1, low dose is just dopamine, higher doses are beta then alpha - Used to treat CHF, does not cross BBB - Also used to treat shock
31
Dobutamine
- Specific for B1 increasing herat rate and contractility | - Used to treat heart failure, some weak alpha action
32
Phenylephrine
- Alpha specific | - Used in hypotension, rhinitis, occular dilation (alpha 1) without increasing beta 2 aqueous humor production
33
Albuterol
Short acting beta 2 agonist | Causes bronchial dilation, used in asthma
34
Salmetrol
Longer acting beta 2 agonist, used to treat asthma long terms -Also used in COPD
35
Terbutaline
-Beta 2 agonist, specific for premature uterine contractions
36
ritrodine
-Specific for beta 2, treat premature contracions
37
Amphetamine
Cause caetacholamine release | -Obesity, ADHD, narcolepsy
38
Ephedrin
Caetacholamine release | -Nasal decongestion and urinary incontinece. Increases sphincter tone
39
Tyramine
- Consumed in cheese, causes releasae on caetacholamines - Normally metabolized by MAO and so has no real action. Patients on MAOI will not do this and will see increased catechaolmine release and hypertensive crissi
40
Cocaine
- Decrease reuptake of ceatacholamines - Treat with beta blocker if suspected overdose. May cause unopposed alpha mediated vasoconstricion leading to hypertensive crisis - Local anesthetic
41
Phenylalanine Hydroxylase
- Used to convert phenylalanine to tyrosin - Deficency leads to elevated phenylketones - Pale skin, retardation, siezure, eczema, odor - Tyrosine becomes essential - Can also be caused by tetrahydrobiopterin deficency - If mother has PKU and is not controlled during pregnancy, can cause microcephaly, retardation, heart defects
42
Tyrosine Hydroxylase
- Requires THB as cofactor (Atypical PKU) converts tyrosine to L-DOPA - Dihydrobiopeterine reductase uses NADPH for oxidation cofactor
43
Dopa Decarboxylase
- Generates Dopamine, requires B6 | - Inhibite peripherally by carbidopa, leads to increasd DOPA in brain in parkinsons disease. Dopamine can't cross BBB
44
Dopamine B hydroxylase
Converts dopamine to norepinephrine | -Require vitamin C
45
PNMT (Phenylethanolamine N- methyltransferase)
- Converts Norepi to epi - Requires SAM, which requires B12 - Action is increaed by cortisol (permissive effects)
46
TCA toxicity
alpha blockade and muscarininc blockade | -Most common death is from arrythmias (inreased QT inverval, like quninidine)
47
Clonidine
- Centrally acting alpha 2 agonist - Decreases NE release systemically and reduces BP - Used in HTN with renal disease
48
Methyldopa
- Main treatment of hypertension in pregnancy | - Hydralazine can also be used (Unkown cause of dilation of arteries)
49
Phenoxybenzamine
- Irreversible alpha blocker | - Given before pheo surgery
50
Phentolamine
- Reversible alpha blocker | - Given for tyramine induced hypertensive crisis in patietns taking MAO
51
Prazosin, Terazosin, doxazosin
Alpha 1 blockers, used to treat HTN and BPH | -Cause orthostatic hypotension on first dose
52
Tamsulosin
-More specific for the BPH induced sphincter dilation
53
Mirtazapine
CNS alpha 2 antagoinst - Cause increase in NE in cleft, used to treat depression - Causes sedation because of effects on other receptors
54
Beta Blockers
A-M are B1 selective P-Z are non selective -Use in angina and MI to decrease cardiac oxygen demands -Used in SVT to decrease AV node transmission -HTN, decrease CO and decrease Renin (B1) -CHF, decrease Renin B1 -Glaucoma Timolol reduces B2 mediated aqueous humor production
55
Cardevilol and labetalol
-alpha and beta antagoinsts, can reduce HTN even more
56
Pindolol, acetabulol
-Partial beta agonist
57
Atenolol
Dosen't cross BBB and so less sedation
58
Propranolol
Used in thyrotoxicosis
59
Timolol
-Used in glaucoma
60
Toxicity
- Nonspecifics exacerbate Asthma - Sedation - Decrease Insulin release (diabetics) - Impotence - Treat toxicity with glucagon.

Boards Drugs (18 decks)

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