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Pharm GI > Pharm GI > Flashcards

Pharm GI Flashcards

1
Q

What fruit affects absorption of medications?

A

Grapefruit

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2
Q

What medications are used to treat constipation?

A

Laxatives
Cathartics

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3
Q

What kind of med can contribute to constipation

A

Diuretics

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4
Q

Name the 4 types of laxatives

A

Bulk-forming
osmotic
stimulants
stool softeners

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5
Q

What form does bulk-forming laxatives come as

A

A powder
Capsules
Wafer

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6
Q

Which laxative is safe for pregnant women?

A

Bulk- Forming

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7
Q

How long does it take for Bulk-Forming Laxative to work?

A

12hrs- 3 days

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8
Q

Give an example of Bulk-Forming Laxative

A

Psyllium(Metamucil)

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9
Q

Give example of a lubricant laxative

A

Suppositories
Mineral Oil

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10
Q

What does lubricant laxatives do?

A

Increase water to fecal mass to ease passage of stool

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11
Q

How long does it take a lubricant laxative to work

A

6-8hrs

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12
Q

What is an osmotic laxative?

A

draw water into the stool and irritate the bowel to increase peristalsis

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13
Q

Example of osmotic laxatives

A

Glycerin
Sorbitol
Milk of magnesia

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14
Q

How long does it take for osmotic laxatives take to work?

A

15-60 minutes

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15
Q

What contradictions are there for using osmotic laxatives

A

hypertension
edema
congestive heart failure (CHF)

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16
Q

What osmotic laxative is safe for ppl who have cardiovascular problems

A

Milk of magnesia

17
Q

What is the effect of stimulant laxatives

A

It stimulates peristalsis by irritating the bowel

18
Q

Example of stimulant laxative

A

Bisacodyl
Castor Oil
cascara sagrada

19
Q

Why can’t caster oil be used during pregnancy? and what does it cause in infants?

A

Can cause premature labor
During lactation can cause diarrhea in infants

20
Q

Side effects of bisacodyl

A

cramping
diarrhea
flatulence
nausea

21
Q

What does stool softeners do?

A

decrease consistency of stool

22
Q

What type of pt used stool softeners

A

Those with limited mobility

23
Q

Example of Stool Softener

A

Docusate(Colace)

24
Q

What are bowel evacuators

A

cleansing solution used before diagnostic tests to remove stool

25
Q

Side effects of Bowel Evacuators

A

Bloating
nausea
fullness

26
Q

Ex of bowel evacuators

A

Colyte
GoLYTELY
MoviPrep
NuLYTELY,
TriLyte
Glycol ax
MiraLAX

27
Q

What are some causes of diarrhea?

A

chemicals,
inflammation
infections
medications
anxiety
circulatory disorders

28
Q

Antidiarrheals

A

Inhibit GI motility, decrease peristalsis, slow function of the GI system

29
Q

Ex of antidiarrheals

A

Loperamide (Imodium)
Diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil)

30
Q

Side effects of diphenoxylate

A

dizziness, dry mouth, agitation, numbness, drowsiness, and tachycardia.

31
Q

Absorbents

A

Absorb toxins or bacteria and coat walls of GI tract

32
Q

Ex of absorbents

A

Bismuth (Pepto-Bismol): can turn tongue black
Kaolin and pectin (kaopectate)

Pharm GI (1 decks)

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