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APEX > Pharm II > Flashcards

Pharm II Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A α

A

Proprioception, skeletal muscle motor
Diameter 12-20 μm
Heavy myelination
Velocity +++++
LAST 4th blocked

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2
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A β

A

Touch, pressure
Diameter 5-12 μm
Heavy myelination
Velocity ++++
Intermediate block onset 4th

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3
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A γ

A

Skeletal muscle tone
Diameter 3-6 μm
Medium myelination
Velocity +++
Intermediate block onset 3rd

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4
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A ∆

A

Fast pain, cold temperature, touch
Diameter 2-5 μm
Medium myelination
Velocity +++
Intermediate block onset 3rd

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5
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type B

A

Pre-ganglionic autonomic vasomotor ANS fibers
Diameter 3 μm
Light myelination
Velocity ++
EARLY 1st blocked

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6
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type C Sympathetic

A

Post-ganglionic vasomotor ANS fibers
Diameter 0.3-1.3 μm
NO myelination
Velocity +
Early block onset 2nd

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7
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type C Dorsal Root

A

Slow pain, warm/cold temperature, touch
Diameter 0.4-1.2 μm
NO myelination
Velocity +
Early block onset 2nd

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8
Q

Nerve Block Onset

A

B fibers → C fibers → small diameter A fibers γ Δ → large diameter A fibers α β

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic → temperature → fast pain (pinprick) → touch → motor

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9
Q

Benzene Ring

A

Lipophilic
Permits diffusion through lipid bilayers

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10
Q

Intermediate Chain

A

Ester -COOCH
OR
Amide (contains Nitrogen)

Determines class, metabolism, & allergic potential

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11
Q

Tertiary Amine

A

Hydrophilic
Accepts proton H+
Weak base

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12
Q

Lidocaine pKa

A

7.9

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13
Q

Lidocaine
% Ionized

A

76% ionized

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14
Q

Lidocaine
% Protein Bound

A

65% protein bound

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15
Q

Lidocaine
Onset

A

Fast

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16
Q

Lidocaine
DOA

A

1.5-2 hours

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17
Q

Lidocaine
Max Dose

A

4.5 mg/kg OR 300 mg

+ Epi 7 mg/kg OR 500 mg

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18
Q

Mepivacaine
pKa

A

7.6

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19
Q

Mepivacaine
% Ionized

A

61% ionized

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20
Q

Mepivacaine
% Protein Bound

A

75% protein bound

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21
Q

Mepivacaine
Onset

A

Fast

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22
Q

Mepivacaine
DOA

A

2-4 hours

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23
Q

Mepivacaine
Max Dose

A

7 mg/kg OR 400 mg

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24
Q

Prilocaine
pKa

A

7.9

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25
Q

Prilocaine
% Ionized

A

76% ionized

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26
Q

Prilocaine
% Protein Bound

A

55% protein bound

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27
Q

Prilocaine
Max

A

8 mg/kg
OR
< 70 kg 500 mg
> 70 kg 600 mg

28
Q

Ropivacaine
pKa

A

8.1

29
Q

Ropivacaine
% Ionized

A

83% ionized

30
Q

Ropivacaine
% Protein Bound

A

94% protein bound

31
Q

Ropivacaine
Onset

A

Slow

32
Q

Ropivacaine
DOA

A

3-6 hours

33
Q

Ropivacaine
Max Dose

A

3 mg/kg OR 200 mg

34
Q

Bupivacaine
pKa

A

8.1

35
Q

Bupivacaine
% Ionized

A

83% ionized

36
Q

Bupivacaine
% Protein Bound

A

96% protein bound

37
Q

Bupivacaine
Onset

A

Slow

38
Q

Bupivacaine
DOA

A

3-6 hours

39
Q

Bupivacaine
Max Dose

A

2.5 mg/kg OR 175 mg

+ Epi 3 mg/kg OR 200 mg

40
Q

Levobupivacaine
pKa

A

8.1

41
Q

Levobupivacaine
% Ionized

A

83% ionized

42
Q

Levobupivacaine
% Protein Bound

A

98% protein bound

43
Q

Levobupivacaine
Max Dose

A

2 mg/kg OR 150 mg

44
Q

Exparel

A

Liposomal Bupivacaine
Max 266 mg (2 vials)

No Lidocaine at least 96 hours
Only admin w/ Bupivacaine

45
Q

EMLA Cream

A

50/50
Lidocaine 2.5% + Prilocaine 2.5%

46
Q

Procaine
pKa

A

8.9

47
Q

Procaine
% Ionized

A

97% ionized

48
Q

Procaine
% Protein Bound

A

6% protein bound

49
Q

Procaine
Onset

A

Slow

50
Q

Procaine
DOA

A

60-90 minutes

51
Q

Procaine
Max Dose

A

7-10 mg/kg OR 350-600 mg

52
Q

Chloroprocaine
pKa

A

8.7

53
Q

Chloroprocaine
% Ionized

A

95% ionized

54
Q

Chloroprocaine
% Protein Bound

A

0% protein bound

55
Q

Chloroprocaine
Onset

A

Fast

56
Q

Chloroprocaine
DOA

A

30-60 minutes

57
Q

Chloroprocaine
Max Dose

A

11 mg/kg OR 800 mg

+ Epi 14 mg/kg OR 1,000 mg

58
Q

Tetracaine
pKa

A

8.5

59
Q

Tetracaine
% Ionized

A

93% ionized

60
Q

Tetracaine
% Protein Bound

A

76% protein bound

61
Q

Tetracaine
Onset

A

Slow

62
Q

Tetracaine
DOA

A

3-6 hours

63
Q

Tetracaine
Max Dose

A

3 mg/kg

64
Q

Cocaine
Max Dose

A

1.5-3 mg/kg OR 150-200 mg

65
Q

Benzocaine
pKa

A

3.5

66
Q

Most Vascular & Highest Plasma Concentration LA Administration

A
  1. IV
  2. Tracheal
  3. Interpleural
  4. Intercostal
  5. Caudal
  6. Epidural
  7. Brachial plexus
  8. Femoral
  9. Sciatic
  10. SQ

APEX (18 decks)

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