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APEX > Pharm II > Flashcards

Pharm II Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A α

A

Proprioception, skeletal muscle motor
Diameter 12-20 μm
Heavy myelination
Velocity +++++
LAST 4th blocked

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2
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A β

A

Touch, pressure
Diameter 5-12 μm
Heavy myelination
Velocity ++++
Intermediate block onset 4th

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3
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A γ

A

Skeletal muscle tone
Diameter 3-6 μm
Medium myelination
Velocity +++
Intermediate block onset 3rd

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4
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type A ∆

A

Fast pain, cold temperature, touch
Diameter 2-5 μm
Medium myelination
Velocity +++
Intermediate block onset 3rd

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5
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type B

A

Pre-ganglionic autonomic vasomotor ANS fibers
Diameter 3 μm
Light myelination
Velocity ++
EARLY 1st blocked

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6
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type C Sympathetic

A

Post-ganglionic vasomotor ANS fibers
Diameter 0.3-1.3 μm
NO myelination
Velocity +
Early block onset 2nd

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7
Q

Nerve Fibers
Type C Dorsal Root

A

Slow pain, warm/cold temperature, touch
Diameter 0.4-1.2 μm
NO myelination
Velocity +
Early block onset 2nd

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8
Q

Nerve Block Onset

A

B fibers → C fibers → small diameter A fibers γ Δ → large diameter A fibers α β

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic → temperature → fast pain (pinprick) → touch → motor

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9
Q

Benzene Ring

A

Lipophilic
Permits diffusion through lipid bilayers

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10
Q

Intermediate Chain

A

Ester -COOCH
OR
Amide (contains Nitrogen)

Determines class, metabolism, & allergic potential

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11
Q

Tertiary Amine

A

Hydrophilic
Accepts proton H+
Weak base

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12
Q

Lidocaine pKa

A

7.9

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13
Q

Lidocaine
% Ionized

A

76% ionized

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14
Q

Lidocaine
% Protein Bound

A

65% protein bound

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15
Q

Lidocaine
Onset

A

Fast

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16
Q

Lidocaine
DOA

A

1.5-2 hours

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17
Q

Lidocaine
Max Dose

A

4.5 mg/kg OR 300 mg

+ Epi 7 mg/kg OR 500 mg

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18
Q

Mepivacaine
pKa

A

7.6

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19
Q

Mepivacaine
% Ionized

A

61% ionized

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20
Q

Mepivacaine
% Protein Bound

A

75% protein bound

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21
Q

Mepivacaine
Onset

A

Fast

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22
Q

Mepivacaine
DOA

A

2-4 hours

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23
Q

Mepivacaine
Max Dose

A

7 mg/kg OR 400 mg

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24
Q

Prilocaine
pKa

A

7.9

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25
Prilocaine % Ionized
76% ionized
26
Prilocaine % Protein Bound
55% protein bound
27
Prilocaine Max
8 mg/kg OR < 70 kg 500 mg > 70 kg 600 mg
28
Ropivacaine pKa
8.1
29
Ropivacaine % Ionized
83% ionized
30
Ropivacaine % Protein Bound
94% protein bound
31
Ropivacaine Onset
Slow
32
Ropivacaine DOA
3-6 hours
33
Ropivacaine Max Dose
3 mg/kg OR 200 mg
34
Bupivacaine pKa
8.1
35
Bupivacaine % Ionized
83% ionized
36
Bupivacaine % Protein Bound
96% protein bound
37
Bupivacaine Onset
Slow
38
Bupivacaine DOA
3-6 hours
39
Bupivacaine Max Dose
2.5 mg/kg OR 175 mg + Epi 3 mg/kg OR 200 mg
40
Levobupivacaine pKa
8.1
41
Levobupivacaine % Ionized
83% ionized
42
Levobupivacaine % Protein Bound
98% protein bound
43
Levobupivacaine Max Dose
2 mg/kg OR 150 mg
44
Exparel
Liposomal Bupivacaine Max 266 mg (2 vials) No Lidocaine at least 96 hours Only admin w/ Bupivacaine
45
EMLA Cream
50/50 Lidocaine 2.5% + Prilocaine 2.5%
46
Procaine pKa
8.9
47
Procaine % Ionized
97% ionized
48
Procaine % Protein Bound
6% protein bound
49
Procaine Onset
Slow
50
Procaine DOA
60-90 minutes
51
Procaine Max Dose
7-10 mg/kg OR 350-600 mg
52
Chloroprocaine pKa
8.7
53
Chloroprocaine % Ionized
95% ionized
54
Chloroprocaine % Protein Bound
0% protein bound
55
Chloroprocaine Onset
Fast
56
Chloroprocaine DOA
30-60 minutes
57
Chloroprocaine Max Dose
11 mg/kg OR 800 mg + Epi 14 mg/kg OR 1,000 mg
58
Tetracaine pKa
8.5
59
Tetracaine % Ionized
93% ionized
60
Tetracaine % Protein Bound
76% protein bound
61
Tetracaine Onset
Slow
62
Tetracaine DOA
3-6 hours
63
Tetracaine Max Dose
3 mg/kg
64
Cocaine Max Dose
1.5-3 mg/kg OR 150-200 mg
65
Benzocaine pKa
3.5
66
Most Vascular & Highest Plasma Concentration LA Administration
1. IV 2. Tracheal 3. Interpleural 4. Intercostal 5. Caudal 6. Epidural 7. Brachial plexus 8. Femoral 9. Sciatic 10. SQ

APEX (18 decks)

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